Collaborative Research: SitS: Development of multiple-scale sensor and remote sensing technology to quantify abiotic carbon dioxide emission in irrigated soils of aridlands

合作研究：SitS：开发多尺度传感器和遥感技术来量化干旱地区灌溉土壤中的非生物二氧化碳排放

• 批准号: 2034312
• 负责人: Lixin Jin
• 金额: $ 58.64万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at El Paso
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2034312&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; SitS; Development; multiple

Arid lands cover more than 40% of the terrestrial land surface and host more than two billion people. To produce more food and support a growing population, intensive irrigation is being utilized worldwide to convert arid lands to agricultural fields. However, intensive irrigation of arid lands causes several problems including high water loss through evaporation, salt accumulation, and the formation of calcite mineral deposits, which can clog soil pores and change water-infiltration patterns. Moreover, formation of these calcite minerals is coupled with the release of carbon dioxide (CO2) that could alter regional and global carbon balances. The overarching goal of this project is to advance our fundamental understanding of the release of calcite-derived CO2 from arid agricultural soils using an irrigated pecan orchard in the El Paso region along the Rio Grande valley as a test site. To achieve this goal, the investigators propose to quantify the emission of calcite-derived CO2 from their pecan orchard test site using a suite of measurement tools including portable CO2 isotope analyzers, eddy covariance towers and remote sensing systems mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The successful completion of this project will benefit society through the collection of new data and the development of new fundamental knowledge on how much abiotic CO2 is released to the atmosphere when arid lands are converted to irrigated agricultural fields. Further benefits to society will be achieved through student education and training, and public outreach including the mentoring four graduate students (2 PhD and 2 MS), and 3 undergraduate students at UTEP and a postdoctoral scholar at TAMU.There is growing evidence that the formation of pedogenic carbonate minerals in irrigated arid agricultural lands is coupled with the release of abiotic CO2 to the atmosphere. Recent studies by the investigators of this proposal have identified such abiotic CO2 signals in soil gases from pecan, alfalfa and cotton fields in El Paso. However, the release of abiotic CO2 from irrigated arid agricultural soils needs further investigation to evaluate its potential impact on regional/global carbon balances and soil physicochemical properties. The goal of this project is to address this knowledge gap through detailed measurements of the flux of abiotic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere by an irrigated pecan orchard test field located in the El Paso region of the Rio Grande valley. To advance this goal, the investigators propose to monitor the ecosystem-atmosphere CO2 exchange in the pecan orchard test field with high spatial and temporal resolution using CO2 isotope analyzers, remote sensing with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and coupled eddy covariance flux measurements. Through this integrated measurement program, the PIs hope that they will be able to capture the spatiotemporal variations of the abiotic CO2 fluxes, and identify key parameters/variables (e.g. irrigation intensity, water chemistry and soil physicochemical properties) that control the release of abiotic CO2 from their pecan orchard test site. Thus, the successful completion of this project has potential for transformative impact by providing the first detailed assessment of the potential of irrigated arid lands to modify the land-atmosphere CO2 exchange at regional, national and even global scales.Signals in the Soil (SitS) solicitation, a collaborative partnership between the National Science Foundation and the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA NIFA).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

干旱土地占地40％以上，占地超过20亿人。为了生产更多的食物并支持不断增长的人口，全世界正在利用密集的灌溉将干旱土地转化为农业领域。但是，对干旱土地进行密集的灌溉会导致几个问题，包括通过蒸发，盐积累以及方解石矿物沉积物的形成高水流失，这可以堵塞土壤孔隙并改变水浸润模式。此外，这些方解石矿物质的形成与可能改变区域和全球碳平衡的二氧化碳（CO2）的释放相结合。该项目的总体目标是提高我们对利用里奥格兰德山谷沿埃尔帕索地区灌溉的山核桃果园从干旱农业土壤中释放有方解石的二氧化碳作为测试地点的基本理解。为了实现这一目标，研究人员建议使用一套测量工具，包括便携式CO​​2同位素分析仪，Eddy协方差塔和安装在无人驾驶汽车上的远程感应系统，使用一套测量工具来量化方解石衍生的CO2的排放。该项目的成功完成将通过收集新数据以及开发有关在干旱土地转换为灌溉农业领域时向大气中释放多少非生物二氧化碳的新基本知识来使社会受益。 Further benefits to society will be achieved through student education and training, and public outreach including the mentoring four graduate students (2 PhD and 2 MS), and 3 undergraduate students at UTEP and a postdoctoral scholar at TAMU.There is growing evidence that the formation of pedogenic carbonate minerals in irrigated arid agricultural lands is coupled with the release of abiotic CO2 to the atmosphere.该提案研究人员的最新研究确定了来自山核桃，苜蓿和埃尔帕索的棉田的土壤气体中的这种非生物二氧化碳信号。但是，从灌溉的干旱农业土壤中释放非生物二氧化碳需要进一步研究，以评估其对区域/全球碳平衡和土壤化学特性的潜在影响。该项目的目的是通过详细测量位于里奥格兰德谷（Rio Grande Valley）El Paso地区的灌溉山核桃果园测试场散发到大气中的非生物二氧化碳通量来解决这一知识差距。为了促进这一目标，调查人员建议使用CO2同位素分析仪使用高空间和时间分辨率来监视山核桃果园测试场中的生态系统 - 大气二氧化碳交换，并使用可调二极管激光吸收量的遥感，遥感，超光谱光谱，高光谱成像，超光谱成像，以及伴侣eddy eddy eDdy eddy eddy eddy covariancience luxcience vlux vlux vluxcience速度。通过这个集成的测量程序，PIS希望他们能够捕获非生物二氧化碳通量的时空变化，并确定关键参数/变量（例如灌溉强度，水化学和土壤物理化学特性），以控制从其Pecan olpard opperard test网站释放非生物CO2。因此，该项目的成功完成，通过对灌溉土地的潜力进行首次详细评估，以修改土地，国家甚至全球规模的土地 - 大气二氧化碳交换的潜力。反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估值得支持。