RAPID: Revolutionary Massively-Parallel Bioreactions for COVID-19

RAPID：针对 COVID-19 的革命性大规模并行生物反应

• 批准号: 2031003
• 负责人: Gregory Faris
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: SRI International
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2021-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031003&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Revolutionary; Massively; Parallel; Bioreactions

This project will provide the basis for a new test and diagnostic that can be performed in as little as 2 minutes and a cost as low as $2. This could be used routinely to test for hidden spreaders of disease at airports or entrances to hospitals or long-term care facilities. Availability of this diagnostic would be transformative. The speed and low cost could provide the first point-of-contact molecular tests diagnostic for diseases such as COVID-19. Two minutes and $2 is fast enough and inexpensive enough to perform such routine screening in airports to detect asymptomatic spreaders as they embark or disembark from airplanes. Thus, this tool could prevent such diseases from spreading beyond the initial outbreak. Similarly, the method could be used to screen employees when they arrive to work at hospitals, long-term care facilities, or prisons, and avoid the huge toll a disease such as COVID-19 is taking. Finally, the method could be used for routine screening at large facilities such as factories, food processing or distribution facilities, and large government buildings, allowing our economy to return to a more normal state. The research will also lead to new knowledge on performing massively-parallel microscale reactions and provide training for a student. This project will advance research and applications on massively-parallel bioreactions to enable a new point-of-contact for testing and diagnostic that will have a transformative impact on how we handle pandemics such as COVID-19. The technology will enable a 2-minute test for sample diagnostic at a cost of $2 per assay. The investigator uses a new format to speed thermal cycling while achieving approximately 1,000,000-fold sample partitioning to accelerate sample preparation without micro-patterning or microfluidics. They will achieve the required large area temperature uniformity using optical heating while simultaneously using confinement of lateral diffusion to produce ~1,000,000 virtual reaction wells.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将为新的测试和诊断提供基础，只需 2 分钟即可完成，成本低至 2 美元。这可以常规用于检测机场、医院或长期护理机构入口处隐藏的疾病传播者。这种诊断的可用性将是变革性的。其速度快且成本低，可以为诊断 COVID-19 等疾病提供第一个接触点分子测试。两分钟和 2 美元的时间足够快且便宜，足以在机场进行此类例行筛查，以在登机或下机时发现无症状传播者。因此，该工具可以防止此类疾病在最初爆发后继续蔓延。同样，该方法可用于在员工到达医院、长期护理机构或监狱工作时对其进行筛查，并避免因 COVID-19 等疾病造成的巨大损失。最后，该方法可用于工厂、食品加工或配送设施以及大型政府大楼等大型设施的常规筛查，使我们的经济恢复到更正常的状态。该研究还将带来有关执行大规模并行微尺度反应的新知识，并为学生提供培训。该项目将推进大规模并行生物反应的研究和应用，为测试和诊断提供新的接触点，这将对我们应对 COVID-19 等流行病的方式产生变革性影响。该技术将能够进行 2 分钟的样本诊断测试，每次检测的成本为 2 美元。研究人员使用一种新的格式来加速热循环，同时实现大约 1,000,000 倍的样品分配，以加速样品制备，而无需微图案或微流体。他们将利用光学加热实现所需的大面积温度均匀性，同时利用横向扩散限制来产生约 1,000,000 个虚拟反应井。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。