Collaborative Research: An Agile Electro-Optic Frequency Comb for Precision Near-Infrared Radial Velocity Spectroscopy with the Habitable Zone Planet Finder

合作研究：用于精确近红外径向速度光谱的敏捷电光频率梳与宜居带行星探测器

• 批准号: 2009554
• 负责人: Chad Bender
• 金额: $ 14.21万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2009554&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Agile; Electro; Optic

This research project will focus on improving tools for finding and studying planets around nearby stars, referred to as exoplanets. Such a search is driven by questions about origins, the uniqueness of Earth, and the potential for other life in the galaxy. A method to find planets around other stars involves looking for periodic changes in the spectrum (color) of the light emitted by a star as the planet circles it. These color changes are far too small to be discerned by a human eye; detecting them requires special tools. For this purpose, an advanced laser frequency comb, which is like an ultra-precise ruler for light waves, will be built and used with an instrument on a telescope called the Habitable Zone Planet Finder. Together, these tools will measure the very small changes in the color of starlight needed to discover exoplanets. This project will push the limits of technology as it applies advances from the 2005 and 2019 Nobel Prizes in Physics to the goal of finding planets. This cross-disciplinary and collaborative research project looks to advance a broad range of photonic and astronomical instrumentation tools that are critical for exoplanet science. This includes the introduction of new modalities for laser frequency combs, and there use to push the precision of radial velocity spectroscopy in the near-infrared to below 1 m/s. Improved overall instrument precision will in turn open avenues to address other barriers to precise radial velocities, such as stellar activity and telluric contamination. The result of this work will address such challenges in the much-less-developed NIR and will provide the tools required to discover habitable zone planets around cooler M-dwarfs. The potential of laser frequency combs for enabling in-situ detector characterization and precise radial velocities is substantial and wide-ranging. The proposed collaborative research brings together astronomers, instrument builders, and laser physicists to demonstrate new functionality for a laser frequency comb that will advance the technology beyond a static ‘picket fence’ calibrator to a user-defined comb with dynamically-tunable frequencies and amplitudes that will enable study of the properties of the HxRG infrared detector arrays that are used across astronomical disciplines. These gains will significantly enhance the capabilities of an existing telescope and facility, and will also demonstrate technology for the future generation of precision RV spectrometers and other astronomical instruments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究项目将专注于改进寻找和研究附近恒星周围行星（称为系外行星）的工具，这种搜索是由有关起源、地球的独特性以及银河系中其他生命的潜力等问题驱动的。寻找其他恒星周围的行星需要寻找恒星绕其旋转时发出的光谱（颜色）的周期性变化，这些颜色变化太小而无法被人眼识别，需要特殊的工具。为此，先进的激光频率梳子就像一把超精确的光波尺，将与名为“宜居带行星探测器”的望远镜上的仪器一起使用，这些工​​具将测量发现所需的星光颜色的微小变化。该项目将突破技术的极限，将 2005 年和 2019 年诺贝尔物理学奖的进展应用于寻找行星的目标，旨在推动广泛的光子和系外行星的研究。对系外行星科学至关重要的天文仪器工具，其中包括引入激光频率梳的新模式，并将近红外径向速度光谱的精度提高到 1 m/s 以下。反过来，也为解决精确径向速度的其他障碍（例如恒星活动和大地污染）开辟了途径。这项工作的结果将解决欠发达地区的此类挑战。 NIR 并将提供发现较冷的 M 矮星周围的宜居带行星所需的工具激光频率梳在实现原位探测器表征和精确径向速度方面的潜力是巨大且广泛的。仪器制造商和激光物理学家展示了激光频率梳的新功能，该功能将使该技术从静态“栅栏”校准器发展到具有动态可调功能的用户定义频率梳这些增益将显着增强现有望远镜和设施的能力，并且还将展示下一代精密 RV 光谱仪的技术。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

TOI-5375 B: A Very Low Mass Star at the Hydrogen-burning Limit Orbiting an Early M-type Star* †

TOI-5375 B：一颗处于氢燃烧极限的极低质量恒星绕早期 M 型恒星运行* –

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/acc651
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: Lambert, Mika;Bender, Chad F.;Kanodia, Shubham;Cañas, Caleb I.;Monson, Andrew;Stefánsson, Gudmundur;Cochran, William D.;Everett, Mark E.;Gupta, Arvind F.;Hearty, Fred;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

TOI-3714 b and TOI-3629 b: Two Gas Giants Transiting M Dwarfs Confirmed with the Habitable-zone Planet Finder and NEID

TOI-3714 b 和 TOI-3629 b：宜居带行星探测器和 NEID 确认了两颗凌日 M 矮星的气态巨行星

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac7804
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: Cañas, Caleb I.;Kanodia, Shubham;Bender, Chad F.;Mahadevan, Suvrath;Stefánsson, Guđhmundur;Cochran, William D.;Lin, Andrea S.;Hwang, Hsiang;Powers, Luke;Monson, Andrew;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Characterization of Low-mass Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Observed with APOGEE-N

用 APOGEE-N 观测到的开普勒感兴趣天体的低质量伴星的特征

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acbcbe
• 发表时间: 2023-02-15
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
• 作者: C. Cañas;C. Bender;S. Mahadevan;D. Bizyaev;Nathan De Lee;S. Fleming;F. Hearty;S. Majewski;C. Nitschelm;D. Schneider;J. Serna;K. Stassun;G. Stefansson;G. Stringfellow;John C. Wilson
• 通讯作者: John C. Wilson

Rotational Modulation of Spectroscopic Zeeman Signatures in Low-mass Stars

低质量恒星光谱塞曼特征的旋转调制

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4fc8
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: Terrien, Ryan C.;Keen, Allison;Oda, Katy;Parts;Stefánsson, Guðmundur;Mahadevan, Suvrath;Robertson, Paul;Ninan, Joe P.;Beard, Corey;Bender, Chad F.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al