Collaborative research: Multi-disciplinary investigation of the links between volcanism, marine redox, and mass extinction during the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic

合作研究：对晚三叠世和早侏罗世期间火山活动、海洋氧化还原和大规模灭绝之间的联系进行多学科调查

• 批准号: 2026918
• 负责人: Jeremy Owens
• 金额: $ 21.13万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2026918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Multi; disciplinary; investigation

The end-Triassic mass extinction that occurred ~210 million years ago was one of the largest in Earth’s history. Understanding the timeline of environmental stresses that led to this event and similar events, provide important context for understanding current and future global change. Our current understanding is limited, mostly because of the limited geographic coverage of data and most of exisiting studies narrowly focus on the time interval of the mass extinction itself. This study will address these gaps by investigating a record of environmental and biologic change that is recorded in the fossils and chemistry of sedimentary rocks now located in the Wrangell Mountains of Alaska. This unique sequence of rocks represent marine sediments that were deposited in an understudied part of the planet — the Paleo-Pacific or Panthalassic Ocean. Additionally, this project will enable the mentorship and scientific training of graduate and undergraduate students and will involve a number of public outreach activities that highlight the interdisciplinary nature of geoscience research used to tackle big scientific problems like the causes of mass extinctions. Museum and traveling exhibits will be developed and the project team will engage in visits to high school science classrooms and public science open houses.This study will use a multi-disciplinary approach to develop a more holistic understanding of the geographic and temporal record of marine diversity and redox conditions within the oceans before, during, and after the end-Triassic mass extinction from an understudied Panthalassic Ocean site. This will be accomplished by studying the long-term Late Triassic through Early Jurassic time interval recorded in the McCarthy Formation in the Wrangell Mountains of Alaska. Paleontological data will be collected for four major taxonomic groups (ammonoids, bivalves, conodonts, corals); geochemical data (carbon, sulfur, and thallium isotopes; iron speciation; redox-sensitive trace metal abundances); and uranium-lead dates from ash beds. Through the careful integration of the paleontological, geochemical, and geochronological results, the proposed study will provide a framework for understanding the relationship between the biotic, marine redox, and carbon cycle changes. Results of the proposed study will be used to directly assess and temporally constrain the timing of (1) marine diversity losses and recovery, (2) local and global environmental changes, and (3) the potential factors that led to mass extinction and allowed for faunal recovery during the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大约 2.1 亿年前发生的三叠纪末大规模灭绝是地球历史上最大的一次，了解导致这一事件和类似事件的环境压力的时间表，为了解当前和未来的全球变化提供了重要背景。理解是有限的，主要是因为数据的地理覆盖范围有限，而且大多数现有研究都狭隘地关注大规模灭绝本身的时间间隔。本研究将通过调查记录在其中的环境和生物变化记录来解决这些差距。化石和化学现在位于阿拉斯加兰格尔山脉的沉积岩代表了地球上未被研究的部分——古太平洋或泛大西洋的海洋沉积物。此外，该项目还将为人们提供指导和科学培训。研究生和本科生，并将涉及一些公共推广活动，突出地球科学研究的跨学科性质，用于解决大规模灭绝的原因等重大科学问题。将开发博物馆和巡回展览，项目团队将参与其中。参观高中科学教室和公共科学开放日。这项研究将采用多学科方法，更全面地了解海洋多样性的地理和时间记录以及结束之前、期间和之后海洋内的氧化还原条件-通过研究阿拉斯加兰格尔山脉麦卡锡组记录的长期晚三叠世到早侏罗世时间间隔，可以完成对未充分研究的泛达拉纪海洋遗址的三叠纪大规模灭绝的研究。四个主要分类群（菊石、双壳类、牙形石、珊瑚）；地球化学数据（碳、硫和铊同位素；铁形态；氧化还原敏感的痕量金属丰度）；以及来自灰床的铀-铅数据。结合古生物学、地球化学和地质年代学结果，拟议的研究将为理解生物、海洋氧化还原和碳循环之间的关系提供一个框架拟议研究的结果将用于直接评估和暂时限制（1）海洋多样性丧失和恢复的时间，（2）当地和全球环境变化，以及（3）导致大规模灭绝和恢复的潜在因素。允许动物群在晚三叠世到早侏罗世期间恢复。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。