Collaborative Research: US GO-SHIP 2021-2026 Repeat Hydrography, Carbon and Tracers

合作研究：US GO-SHIP 2021-2026 重复水文学、碳和示踪剂

• 批准号: 2023545
• 负责人: Lynne Talley
• 金额: $ 1035.44万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; US; GO; SHIP

The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) is a systematic re-occupation of key global hydrographic sections that began in 2003. The sections span all ocean basins and reach full ocean depth, with physical and chemical measurements of the highest ‘reference standard’ accuracy. This level of data quality is attainable only with research ships for the foreseeable future. The U.S. GO-SHIP program is a major contributor to international GO-SHIP, designed to monitor the ocean's response to climate change as part of the World Climate Research Programme’s Global Ocean Observing System. This grant will extend this unique climate data set over the next six years. The new hydrographic data sets collected by U.S. GO-SHIP will contribute to overlapping scientific and technical objectives related to: 1) heat/freshwater storage and flux; 2) carbon system and biogeochemical studies; 3) water mass ventilation; 4) model calibration, validation, and state estimation; and 5) autonomous sensor calibration, including Core (2000 m T, S), Deep, and Biogeochemical Argo profiling floats. Building on observations first made in the 1990's, this program has been critical to developing our understanding of ocean-related climate changes including: warming of the abyssal ocean that takes up ~10% of the Earth's excess heat; changes in circulation and ventilation; increasing anthropogenic carbon uptake and its impact on global carbon budgets and acidification; declining oxygen concentrations; and expansion of oxygen minimum zones. The U.S. GO-SHIP open data policy has resulted in rapid, widespread availability and use of data. The program benefits society as it is the only globally available source of information about changes in the deep (2000m) ocean. The data will continue to be a resource for climate model validation. Outreach for U.S. GO-SHIP data collection (cruise-based) and synthesis will extend data usefulness and public awareness. The program will continue to promote and expand scientific and leadership training for graduate students, postdoctoral scientists, and early career scientists. Funds are budgeted for graduate students, postdocs, and young scientists to participate in each cruise, and for an annual postdoc program to entrain young scientists in use of these invaluable observations.Fourteen research cruises during the period 2021-2026 are planned, with the continuing objective of systematically quantifying global-scale changes in storage and transport of heat, freshwater, carbon, oxygen, nutrients, and related parameters. Nine cruises will be led by NSF/UNOLS, four by NOAA, and one will be joint. Included measurements are: hydrographic/physical (CTDO2, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, U, V and W from LADCP, U and V from underway ADCP, underway T and S, meteorology, bathymetry), carbon system (DIC, pCO2, TAlk, pH, DOC, TDN, underway pCO2), and transient tracers (CFCs, SF6). U.S. GO-SHIP will continue to cooperate with separately funded investigators: examples include measurement of 14C, Fe/trace metals, 3H/3He; microstructure turbulence measurements, as well as floats and drifters. This grant includes funds to collect data and perform quality control to achieve reference quality, with limited synthesis through support of postdoctoral researchers. Data will be released using the successful approach in place since 2003, with a stringent data policy of rapid and open dissemination, including transfer to recognized data centers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

基于全球海洋船的水文调查计划（GO-SHIP）是一个系统的重新组合，始于2003年的关键全球水文部分。这些部分涵盖了所有海洋鲈鱼并达到了全海深度，并具有最高“参考标准”精度的物理和化学测量。仅在可预见的将来的研究船上才能达到这种数据质量。美国GO-SHIP计划是国际舰艇的主要贡献者，旨在监测海洋对气候变化的反应，这是世界气候研究计划的全球海洋观察系统的一部分。该赠款将在未来六年内扩展此独特的气候数据集。美国Go-Ship收集的新水文数据集将有助于与以下方面的科学和技术目标重叠：1）热/淡水存储和助焊剂； 2）碳系统和生物地球化学研究； 3）水质通气； 4）模型校准，验证和状态估计； 5）自主传感器校准，包括Core（2000 M T，S），深层和生物地球化学Argo分析浮子。在1990年代首次进行的观察基础上，该计划对于发展我们对海洋相关气候变化的理解至关重要，包括：占地约10％的多余热量的深海海洋变暖；循环和通风的变化；增加人为碳的吸收及其对全球碳预算和酸化的影响；氧气浓度下降；和氧最小区域的膨胀。美国进行的开放数据政策导致了迅速，广泛的可用性和数据使用。该计划使社会受益，因为它是有关深处（2000m）海洋变化的唯一全球可用信息来源。数据将继续是攀登模型验证的资源。美国Go-Ship数据收集（基于巡航）和合成的外展将扩展数据有用性和公众意识。该计划将继续为研究生，博士后科学家以及早期职业科学家促进和扩展科学和领导培训。资金是为研究生，博士后和年轻科学家参加每次巡游的预算，并为年轻的年轻科学家提供了一年一度的年轻科学家。在2021 - 2026年期间，计划巡航是计划的四个研究巡航，并具有系统地量化全球范围，新鲜的，新鲜的，新鲜的心一起运输的目标，并具有持续的目​​标，该目标的不断变化，新鲜的营养，新鲜的心车，既有习惯，又有习惯，，迫在眉睫，迫在眉睫，新鲜的习惯，心在上 参数。九次巡游将由NSF/UNOLS领导，其中4个由NOAA领导，其中一辆将是联合的。随附的测量值为：水文/物理（CTDO2，盐度，氧，营养素，U，U，V和W的LADCP，U和V来自ADCP的UNDCP，U和V。美国船舶将继续与单独资助的调查人员合作：例子包括14C，Fe/Trace Metals，3H/3HE的测量；微结构湍流测量以及浮子和漂流器。该赠款包括收集数据并执行质量控制以实现参考质量的资金，并通过支持博士后研究人员的支持有限。自2003年以来，将使用成功的方法发布数据，并具有快速和开放传播的严格数据政策，包括转移到公认的数据中心。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估值得支持。

项目成果

Annually Resolved Propagation of CFCs and SF 6 in the Global Ocean Over Eight Decades

八年来每年解决全球海洋中 CFC 和 SF 6 的扩散问题

• DOI: 10.1029/2022jc019337
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• 作者: Cimoli, Laura;Gebbie, Geoffrey;Purkey, Sarah G.;Smethie, William M.
• 通讯作者: Smethie, William M.