Collaborative Research: Greater New York (NY) Oxidant, Trace gas, Halogen, and Aerosol Airborne Mission (GOTHAAM)

合作研究：大纽约 (NY) 氧化剂、微量气体、卤素和气溶胶机载任务 (GOTHAAM)

• 批准号: 2023605
• 负责人: Jason St Clair
• 金额: $ 38.29万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Baltimore County
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023605&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Greater; New; York

The New York City (NYC) region has the highest level of ozone (O3) pollution in the United States outside of California, adversely affecting more than 20 million people. In this collaborative field campaign, 14 investigators from 9 institutions intend to study air quality in the greater NYC region using NSF’s C-130 research aircraft loaded with state-of-the-art instrumentation. Gases and particles will be collected during summer when air masses are influenced by emissions from nearby forests, ocean surfaces, and human activities. This new information will help increase understanding of formation of O3 and particulate matter (PM) pollution. By sharing and disseminating results, air quality agencies in the region and other similar mega cities can take action to mitigate harmful pollution.A 4-pronged scientific approach is suggested to study processes that produce O3 and PM, and that focus on volatile organic compound (VOC) speciation, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) evolution, oxidant concentrations, and nighttime chemistry. Of particular interest is the emission of volatile chemical products (VCPs) that have received recent attention as potentially dominant sources of VOCs in urban environments where they contribute to aerosol formation. A combination of aircraft descents and missed approaches over the ocean and at designated airports, respectively, are designed to provide vertical profiles of measured species, many of which are surface-emitted and have short lifetimes. Weather and chemistry forecasting models will inform flight plans. Results will be directly comparable to those gathered by a subset of the research team during the WINTER campaign that took place over the NE US in February-March 2015. Of significant difference will be the higher biological input of VOCs and increased photochemical activity during summer. Observations will be combined with regional and chemical modeling to improve understanding of O3 and SOA formation in a coastal mega city.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

纽约市（纽约市）地区在加利福尼亚以外的美国拥有最高水平的臭氧（O3）污染，对超过2000万人产生了不利影响。在这项合作实地运动中，来自9家机构的14名调查人员打算使用NSF的C-130研究飞机研究大型纽约市地区的空气质量，并装有最先进的仪器。夏季，当空气质量受到森林，海洋表面和人类活动的排放影响时，气体和颗粒将在夏季收集。这些新信息将有助于增加对O3形成及其特定物质（PM）污染的理解。通过共享和传播结果，该地区和其他类似的大型城市的空气质量机构可以采取行动来减轻有害污染。提出了一种4条统治的科学方法来研究产生O3和PM的过程，并专注于挥发性有机化合物（VOC）规格，次生有机溶液（SOA）Evolution Airosol（SOA）Evolution Anight，氧化浓度，夜间化学。特别令人感兴趣的是挥发性化学产品（VCP）的排放，这些产品最近在城市环境中引起了VOC的潜在主要来源，在它们有助于气溶胶形成。飞机下降和在海洋上和指定机场的错过的方法结合在一起，旨在提供测量物种的垂直剖面，其中许多物种是表面上的，终身寿命很短。天气和化学预测模型将为飞行计划提供信息。结果将直接与2015年2月3月在美国NE美国进行的冬季运动中的一部分研究团队收集的结果直接相提并论。较高的差异将是VOCs的更高生物学输入和夏季的光化学活动增加。观察结果将与区域和化学建模相结合，以提高沿海巨型城市中O3和SOA形成的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估审查标准，被认为是通过评估来获得的支持。