Collaborative Research: NNA Track 1: Central North Atlantic Marine Historical Ecology Project

合作研究：NNA 第 1 轨道：北大西洋中部海洋历史生态项目

• 批准号: 2022618
• 负责人: Nicole Misarti
• 金额: $ 97.33万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2022618&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; NNA; Track; Central

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. The Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, enhances efforts in formal and informal education, and integrates the co-production of knowledge where appropriate. This award fulfills part of that aim by addressing interactions between social systems and natural environment in the following NNA focus areas: Arctic residents, Data and Observation, Global Impact, and Resilient Infrastructure. Atlantic cod has been an important resource for coastal and inland communities throughout the Atlantic world for at least 1000 years. This humble fish played an important role in feeding communities, developing markets, and facilitating trade and continues to be a vitally important species. Management decisions made about existing cod populations are based on scientist’s ideas of what a baseline ‘normal’ or ‘natural’ cod population is. This ‘baseline’ for cod is mostly based on data from the last 100-150 years, including how large cod populations have been, how large the fish have been, how old, etc. On top of this are ideas of how these fish respond to changing human and environmental conditions. A variety of techniques from marine biology, archaeology, and history now allow us to track changing marine ecological conditions as well as relative population size over the last millennium. By creating a deeper record of cod populations over the last millennium, this project contributes vital data that will improve understanding of the cod fisheries as they reacted to climate, political and economic change in the past and how the Icelandic fishing communities of today can adapt and remain resilient as the fishery changes with warming Atlantic waters and new political and economic drivers. The project uniquely involves international and transdisciplinary research between the natural environment and social systems including archaeology, ecology, history, fisheries and oceanography. The knowledge gained from the project is beneficial to our planning strategy to deal with impacts of environmental change on American fisheries and the people who depend on them. The new interdisciplinary methodology also provides novel opportunities for educating university students. The project will use bones from cod as well as other coastal species that have been excavated from archaeological sites in Iceland and the Faroes over the last 30 years. These sites were lived in from the 9th to the 19th centuries. These bones will be the subject of a variety of biochemical analyses that allow us to track population size, body length, and feeding changes over the last millennia. These analyses will be combined with archaeological and historical methods to build a new and deeper record of the relationship between cod, humans, and the environment that will serve as an important tool in managing this relationship in the present and future.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

导航新北极 (NNA) 是 NSF 的 10 大创意项目之一，旨在解决快速变化的北极地区的融合科学挑战，为国家、更大地区和全球的经济、安全和复原力提供信息。 NNA 授权从地方到国际范围内的新研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，加强正规和非正规教育方面的努力，并在适当的情况下整合知识的共同生产。该奖项通过以下方式实现了部分目标。解决以下 NNA 重点领域中社会系统与自然环境之间的相互作用：北极居民、数据和观测、全球影响和弹性基础设施，大西洋鳕鱼至少 1000 年来一直是整个大西洋世界沿海和内陆社区的重要资源。这种不起眼的鱼在喂养社区、发展市场和促进贸易方面发挥了重要作用，并且仍然是一个至关重要的物种，对现有鳕鱼种群的管理决策是基于科学家对“正常”或“天然”鳕鱼基线的看法。人口鳕鱼的这个“基线”主要基于过去 100-150 年的数据，包括鳕鱼的数量、鱼的大小、年龄等。鱼类对不断变化的人类和环境条件做出反应。现在，通过对鳕鱼种群进行更深入的记录，我们可以跟踪过去千年中不断变化的海洋生态条件以及相对种群规模。最后一个千禧年以来，该项目提供了重要数据，将提高人们对鳕鱼渔业对过去气候、政治和经济变化的反应的了解，以及当今的冰岛渔业社区如何适应并保持弹性，因为渔业随着大西洋水域变暖和气候变暖而发生变化。该项目独特地涉及自然环境和社会系统之间的国际和跨学科研究，包括考古学、生态学、历史学、渔业和海洋学，从该项目中获得的知识有利于我们应对环境影响的规划策略。改变美国渔业和依赖渔业的人们也为教育大学生提供了新的机会，该项目将使用从冰岛和法罗群岛的考古遗址中挖掘出来的鳕鱼和其他沿海物种的骨头。这些遗址的居住时间为 9 世纪至 19 世纪，这些骨头将成为各种生化分析的对象，使我们能够追踪过去千年的人口规模、体长和摄食变化。将与考古学和历史方法相结合，为鳕鱼、人类和环境之间的关系建立一个新的、更深入的记录，这将成为管理现在和未来这种关系的重要工具。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命和通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。