The NANOGrav Physics Frontiers Center

NANOGrav 物理前沿中心

• 批准号: 2020265
• 负责人: Xavier Siemens
• 金额: $ 1700万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2020265&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NANOGrav; Physics; Frontiers; Center

This Physics Frontiers Centers (PFC) award to the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) supports their focus on the direct detection and characterization of low-frequency gravitational waves (GW), in the nanohertz regime, some eleven orders of magnitude smaller than the GW already detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO); these two NSF-supported experiments are highly complementary. NANOGrav carries out this study by monitoring the pulse arrival times of millisecond pulsars (MSPs), which are ultra-spin-stable neutron stars, and thus the most precise celestial clocks in the Universe. GWs cause fluctuations in pulse arrival times that are correlated among different pulsars. Discovering these correlations requires the synergy of experts in gravitational physics, data analysis, and astrophysics coming together in a collaborative environment. In addition to monitoring a known list of MSPs, NANOGrav routinely discovers new MSPs to add to their study. NANOGrav reaches large numbers of the general public through exhibits and talks, and a growing social media presence. An associated student research program reaches more than 150 undergraduate students every year, and the Pulsar Search Collaboratory involves hundreds of middle and high school students and their teachers.The sources most likely to be detected in the nanohertz band in the near future are supermassive binary black holes that form after massive galaxies merge. In fact, NANOGrav searches so far have already placed astrophysically interesting constraints on the evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes. Other sources include cosmic strings, phase transitions in the early universe, and relic GW from inflation; detecting any of these would be transformative. GW observations can also be used to investigate the origin of cosmic acceleration and the conflict between quantum mechanics and general relativity, two of the most profound challenges currently facing fundamental physics. Apart from GW, NANOGrav observations enable high-impact synergistic science, including constraining the dense matter equation of state, making dynamical tests of general relativity, further understanding the ionized interstellar medium, and discovering exotic neutron star systems and radio transients.This Physics Frontiers Centers award is co-funded by the Physics Frontiers Centers Program in the Division of Physics and the Mid-scale Innovations Program in the Division of Astronomical Sciences. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该物理前沿中心（PFC）授予北美纳米尔茨引力波观测站（Nanograv），在纳诺霍尔茨政权中，对低频引力浪（GW）的直接检测和表征的直接检测和表征，在纳诺霍尔茨政权中，某些数量级比GW较小的级数比LaSer the lig the lig obs the lig obsectity the lig toctional obsectity obsectity obs lig wight（这两个NSF支持的实验是高度互补的。 Nanograv通过监测超旋转稳定的中子星的脉冲到达时间（MSP）的脉冲到达时间，因此是宇宙中最精确的天钟。 GWS导致脉搏到达时间的波动在不同的脉冲星之间相关。 发现这些相关性需要在协作环境中汇聚在引力物理，数据分析和天体物理学方面的专家协同作用。 除了监视已知的MSP列表外，Nanograv通常会发现新的MSP以添加到他们的研究中。 Nanograv通过展览和谈判以及日益增长的社交媒体存在吸引了大量的公众。 一项相关的学生研究计划每年将达到150多名本科生，Pulsar搜索合作涉及数百名中学和高中生及其老师。在不久的将来，在纳诺霍尔茨乐队中最有可能在大规模星系合并后形成的超级质量二元黑孔。 实际上，到目前为止，纳米格拉夫的搜索已经对星体的发展及其超级质量黑洞的发展放置了一个有趣的限制。 其他来源包括宇宙弦，早期宇宙中的相变和通货膨胀的遗物GW；检测这些中的任何一个都是变革性的。 GW观察结果还可以用于研究宇宙加速度的起源以及量子力学和一般相对论之间的冲突，这是目前面临基本物理学的两个最深切的挑战。 Apart from GW, NANOGrav observations enable high-impact synergistic science, including constraining the dense matter equation of state, making dynamical tests of general relativity, further understanding the ionized interstellar medium, and discovering exotic neutron star systems and radio transients.This Physics Frontiers Centers award is co-funded by the Physics Frontiers Centers Program in the Division of Physics and the Mid-scale Innovations Program in the Division of天文科学。 该项目促进了NSF Windows在宇宙大想法上的目标。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

Single Pulse Dispersion Measure of the Crab Pulsar

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8055
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: N. Lewandowska;P. Demorest;M. Mclaughlin;P. Kilian;T. Hankins

The X-ray view of optically selected dual AGN

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3664
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: A. De Rosa;C. Vignali;P. Severgnini;S. Bianchi;Tamara Bogdanović;M. Charisi;M. Guainazzi;Z. Haiman;S. Komossa;Z. Paragi;M. Pérez-Torres;E. Piconcelli;L. Ducci;M. Parvatikar;R. Serafinelli

No Dispersed Single Radio Pulses Detected in Archival Parkes Pulsar Observations Targeting Supernova Remnants and Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars

• DOI: 10.3847/2515-5172/ad09e0
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Research Notes of the AAS
• 作者: F. Crawford

Posterior predictive checking for gravitational-wave detection with pulsar timing arrays. II. Posterior predictive distributions and pseudo-Bayes factors

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.123008
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: P. Meyers;K. Chatziioannou;M. Vallisneri;A. J. Chua

Scattering variability detected from the circumsource medium of FRB 20190520B

从 FRB 20190520B 的环境介质中检测到的散射变异性

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3547
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Ocker, Stella Koch;Cordes, James M.;Chatterjee, Shami;Li, Di;Niu, Chen-Hui;McKee, James W.;Law, Casey J.;Anna-Thomas, Reshma
• 通讯作者: Anna-Thomas, Reshma