RUI: Hadron Structure and Interactions

RUI：强子结构和相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
2012982
负责人：
Mary Alberg
金额：
$ 19.16万
依托单位：
Seattle University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-15 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012982&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Hadron Structure Interactions

项目摘要

The determination of proton structure is important for understanding matter in the universe, and a central challenge for theoretical nuclear physics. The proton is constructed from basic building blocks of matter called quarks, antiquarks (antimatter counterparts of the quarks) and gluons, but the ways in which these constituents contribute to the properties of the proton are not completely understood. For example, the proton has a property called spin, which is used in medical applications such as MRI scans, but it is not known how the spins of the quarks and gluons combine to give the spin of the proton. In this project the PI will use new theoretical models of the fluctuation of protons into two-particle states to describe the contributions of quarks and antiquarks created (the proton sea) to the properties of the proton. The results will be compared to experimental measurements from Fermilab, Jefferson Lab, RHIC (the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) and other facilities. Undergraduate students will participate in the project, receive training in nuclear and particle physics, and gain experience in research methods and scientific communication. The students will present their work at professional meetings and to the broader public.The scientific goals of this project are: (i) to build a hybrid model for the momentum distributions of the antiquarks in the proton sea by combining a new model for pion-nucleon wave functions, derived by the PI from light-front perturbation theory, with a new statistical model for the momentum distributions of the quarks and antiquarks in the bare proton (no fluctuation) and in the pions and baryons created in the fluctuation states; (ii) to extend this framework to calculate spin distributions in the proton sea by including the contribution of vector mesons to the fluctuations; and (iii) to study the effects of using a new pion-nucleon form factors in calculations of nucleon elastic electromagnetic and axial form factors. The results of the Fermilab SeaQuest experiment will test a hybrid model, and thereby the role of the pion in contributing to the nucleon sea. The extension of the formalism to describe vector meson fluctuations will contribute a new meson cloud model to confront the RHIC experimental measurements of spin asymmetry. The form-factor study will increase the understanding of the role of the pion in pion-nucleon interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

质子结构的确定对于理解宇宙中的物质至关重要，也是理论核物理学的核心挑战。质子是由称为夸克的基本构建块构建的，称为夸克，夸克（夸克的反物质对应物）和胶子，但是这些成分对质子的特性有助于构成。例如，质子具有称为自旋的特性，该特性用于MRI扫描等医学应用中，但尚不清楚夸克和胶子的旋转如何结合以产生质子的旋转。在这个项目中，PI将使用质子波动到两个粒子状态的新理论模型来描述创建的夸克和古quark（质子海）对质子特性的贡献。结果将与Fermilab，Jefferson Lab，Rhic（相对论重离子对撞机）和其他设施的实验测量进行比较。本科生将参加该项目，接受核和粒子物理学的培训，并获得研究方法和科学交流的经验。学生将在专业会议和更广泛的公众中展示他们的作品。该项目的科学目标是：（i）通过结合pion-nucleon波函数的新模型来建立一个混合模型，以构建质子海中的动量分布，该模型由pi与光线危险范围的Pi no protiqu and no Protiqu and the Protiquark Movers and Sprantions s of the Momentiqual and the Moment Sprients（no）构成。波动）以及在波动状态下创建的酸和重子；（ii）扩展该框架以计算质子海中的自旋分布，包括媒介中介子对波动的贡献；（iii）研究在计算核子弹性电磁和轴向形态的计算中使用新的核核子形式因子的影响。 Fermilab Seaquest实验的结果将测试混合模型，从而在促成核子海中的作用。形式主义描述媒介中膜波动的扩展将贡献一个新的介子云模型，以面对旋转不对称的RHIC实验测量。这项形式的因子研究将增加对锥形在pion-nucleon互动中的作用的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持的。