Ultracold Neutral Plasmas as High Energy Density Plasma Simulators

超冷中性等离子体作为高能量密度等离子体模拟器

基本信息

批准号：
2009999
负责人：
Scott Bergeson
金额：
$ 50.94万
依托单位：
Brigham Young University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-01 至 2024-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2009999&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ultracold Neutral Plasmas Energy Density

项目摘要

This project will advance fundamental understanding of how ion temperatures change during violent collisions. Extremely powerful lasers have been built in the US and elsewhere to create small, controlled nuclear reactions. These lasers are tightly focused to heat atoms to temperatures of millions of degrees and force them to collide violently. Understanding exactly how this process works is critical for optimizing future experiments in laser-driven nuclear reactions. This project will reproduce violent ion collisions in slow-motion in an experiment where the ion motion can be measured with extreme precision. In collaboration with theory specialists, the results will be used to validate computer simulations. These simulations, in turn, can then be applied to higher temperature laser-driven experiments with greater confidence. In addition to this important scientific contribution, this project will allow undergraduate and graduate students to participate in cutting-edge research in the field of plasma science.The plasma generated in laser-driven high energy density (HED) experiments changes rapidly. The plasma is formed when a coated cryogenic solid deuterium-tritium fuel target is heated and compressed by laser energy. The plasma temperature rises from nearly absolute zero to millions of degrees and the density rises above solid-state density. Modeling collisions throughout this process requires many different approximations, complicating computer simulations of the rapidly changing environment. Experimental measurements of the electron and ion temperature and density are also challenging in such HED plasmas, due to both the violent physical conditions and the intensive modeling required to convert measured quantities into basic plasma properties. With appropriate temperature- and density-scaling, this research project will probe collision dynamics in some of these difficult-to-model and difficult-to-measure circumstances. The project will study energy transfer, radiative heating, and thermal relaxation in the strongly-coupled-plasma regime, over a range of initial densities and temperatures and for a few different geometries. The first task will be to measure momentum transfer and collisional heating in a dual-species ultracold neutral plasma. The second task will be aimed at measuring electron-ion energy relaxation in magnetized and unmagnetized ultracold neutral plasmas. Graduate and undergraduate students will be recruited and trained to work on the experiments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将增进对美国和其他地方建造的极强大的激光器在剧烈碰撞过程中离子温度如何变化的基本了解，这些激光器可以紧密聚焦以将原子加热到数百万度的温度并产生力。准确地了解这个过程的工作原理对于优化未来激光驱动核反应的实验至关重要，该项目将在实验中以极其精确的方式测量离子运动。与理论专家的合作，结果将用于验证计算机模拟。然后，这些模拟可以更有信心地应用于更高温度的激光驱动实验。除了这一重要的科学贡献外，该项目还将允许本科生和研究生参与。等离子体科学领域的前沿研究。激光驱动的高能量密度（HED）实验中产生的等离子体会在激光能量加热和压缩涂层低温固体氘氚燃料靶时形成。等离子体温度从接近绝对值上升从零到数百万度，并且密度上升到高于固态密度，整个过程中的碰撞建模需要许多不同的近似值，这使得快速变化的环境的计算机模拟变得复杂，在这种 HED 中，电子和离子温度和密度的实验测量也具有挑战性。等离子体，由于剧烈的物理条件和将测量量转换为基本等离子体特性所需的密集建模，通过适当的温度和密度缩放，该研究项目将探讨其中一些难以建模和的碰撞动力学。该项目将研究强耦合等离子体状态下的能量传递、辐射加热和热弛豫，在一定范围的初始密度和温度下以及一些不同的几何形状。测量双物种超冷中性等离子体中的动量传递和碰撞加热第二项任务将旨在测量磁化和非磁化超冷中性等离子体中的电子离子能量弛豫将招募研究生和本科生。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Ultracold neutral plasma expansion in a strong uniform magnetic field

强均匀磁场中的超冷中性等离子体膨胀

DOI：
10.1103/physreve.105.045201
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Physical Review E
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Sprenkle, R. Tucker;Bergeson, S. D.;Silvestri, Luciano G.;Murillo, Michael S.
通讯作者：
Murillo, Michael S.

Improved ionization potential of calcium using frequency-comb-based Rydberg spectroscopy

DOI：
10.1103/physreva.106.062818
发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
Physical Review A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
C.R. Pak;Matthew Schlitters;S. Bergeson
通讯作者：
C.R. Pak;Matthew Schlitters;S. Bergeson

Transport in non-ideal, multi-species plasmas

非理想、多物种等离子体中的传输

DOI：
10.1063/5.0048227
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physics of Plasmas
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Stanton, Liam G.;Bergeson, Scott D.;Murillo, Michael S.
通讯作者：
Murillo, Michael S.

Relaxation of strongly coupled binary ionic mixtures in the coupled mode regime

耦合模式状态下强耦合二元离子混合物的弛豫

DOI：
10.1063/5.0048030
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Physics of Plasmas
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Silvestri, Luciano G.;Sprenkle, R. Tucker;Bergeson, Scott D.;Murillo, Michael S.
通讯作者：
Murillo, Michael S.