Toward Increasing the Impact of Grand Innovation Prizes: Lessons from the Emergence of an Autonomous Vehicle Innovation Ecosystem

提高创新大奖的影响力：自动驾驶汽车创新生态系统出现的经验教训

• 批准号: 1933009
• 负责人: Christopher Hayter
• 金额: $ 4.87万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1933009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Toward; Increasing; Impact; Grand; Innovation

Innovation prizes have become an important tool for federal agencies to improve the impact of public investments in research and development. For example, the recent emergence of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are attributed to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) grand challenge competitions (2004-2007). However, there is little understanding of why and how innovation prizes function to improve technology, education, and commercial outcomes associated with research and development. This project thus seeks to understand the specific elements responsible for innovation prize impact. Understanding how and why technological, educational, and commercial impact occurred will not only contribute to the prize model literature, it will also generate insights important to the establishment and effective management of innovation prizes, improving the social and commercial impact of future innovation prize competitions. To fulfill the project goals, the research team will implement an embedded, multiple case study design, an approach well-suited for investigating complex, interconnected phenomena over time, at different levels of analysis. The study team will conduct case studies through focused interviews individuals from universities, government agencies, companies, and other organizations involved in AV development that participated in the DARPA grand challenge competitions. The study will also include case studies of similar organizations involved in AV development that did not participate in the grand challenges. These case studies will generate both primary and rival theoretical explanations of AV development and impact and, through comparison among cases, illuminate how and why innovation prize impact occurred. In the addition to publication, project findings will be disseminated in a workshop focused on the utility of grand challenge models for improving STEM education and entrepreneurship outcomes among minorities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

创新奖已成为联邦机构提高公共投资研发影响力的重要工具。例如，最近自动驾驶汽车（AV）的出现归功于国防高级研究计划局（DARPA）的大型挑战赛（2004-2007）。然而，人们对创新奖为何以及如何发挥作用以改善与研发相关的技术、教育和商业成果知之甚少。因此，该项目旨在了解影响创新奖影响的具体因素。了解技术、教育和商业影响如何以及为何发生，不仅有助于丰富奖项模型文献，还将产生对创新奖项的设立和有效管理、提高未来创新奖项竞赛的社会和商业影响重要的见解。为了实现项目目标，研究团队将实施嵌入式、多案例研究设计，这种方法非常适合在不同分析层次上调查复杂的、相互关联的现象。研究小组将通过对参加 DARPA 大型挑战赛的大学、政府机构、公司和其他参与 AV 开发的组织的个人进行重点访谈来进行案例研究。该研究还将包括参与自动驾驶开发但未参与重大挑战的类似组织的案例研究。这些案例研究将对自动驾驶的发展和影响产生主要和竞争性的理论解释，并通过案例比较，阐明创新奖影响如何以及为何发生。除了出版之外，项目研究结果还将在一个研讨会上传播，该研讨会的重点是重大挑战模型在改善少数族裔中的 STEM 教育和创业成果方面的实用性。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。