Influence of environmental pH variability and thermal sensitivity on the resilience of reef-building corals to acidification stress

环境 pH 值变化和热敏感性对造礁珊瑚对酸化胁迫恢复能力的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1923743
负责人：
Katie Barott
金额：
$ 69.59万
依托单位：
University of Pennsylvania
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-10-01 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1923743&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Influence environmental pH variability thermal

项目摘要

Coral reefs are incredibly diverse ecosystems that provide food, tourism revenue, and shoreline protection for coastal communities. The ability of coral reefs to continue providing these services to society is currently threatened by climate change, which has led to increasing ocean temperatures and acidity that can lead to the death of corals, the animals that build the reef framework upon which so many species depend. This project examines how temperature and acidification stress work together to influence the future health and survival of corals. The scientists are carrying out the project in Hawaii where they have found individual corals with different sensitivities to temperature stress that are living on reefs with different environmental pH conditions. This project improves understanding of how an individual coral?s history influences its response to multiple stressors and helps identify the conditions that are most likely to support resilient coral communities. The project will generate extensive biological and physicochemical data that will be made freely available. Furthermore, this project supports the education and training of undergraduate and high school students and one postdoctoral researcher in marine science and coral reef ecology. Hands-on activities for high school students are being developed into a free online educational resource. This project compares coral responses to acidification stress in populations experiencing distinct pH dynamics (high diel variability vs. low diel variability) and with distinct thermal tolerances (historically bleaching sensitive vs. tolerant) to learn about how coral responses to these two factors differ between coral species and within populations. Experiments focus on the two dominant reef builders found at these stable and variable pH reefs: Montipora capitata and Porites compressa. Individuals of each species exhibiting different thermal sensitivities (i.e., bleached vs. pigmented) were tagged during the 2015 global coral bleaching event. This system tests the hypotheses that 1) corals living on reefs with larger diel pH fluctuations have greater resilience to acidification stress, 2) coral resilience to acidification is a plastic trait that can be promoted via acclimatization, and 3) thermally sensitive corals have reduced capacity to cope with pH stress, which is exacerbated at elevated temperatures. Coral cells isolated from colonies from each environmental and bleaching history are exposed to acute pH stress and examined for their ability to recover intracellular pH in vivo using confocal microscopy, and the expression level of proteins predicted to be involved in this recovery (e.g., proton transporters) is examined via Western blot and immunolocalization. Corals from each pH history are exposed to stable and variable seawater pH in a controlled aquarium setting to determine the level of plasticity of acidification resilience and to test for pH acclimatization in this system. Finally, corals with different levels of thermal sensitivity are exposed to thermal stress and recovery, and their ability to regulate pH is examined over time. The results of these experiments help identify reef conditions that promote coral resilience to ocean acidification against the background of increasingly common thermal stress events, while advancing mechanistic understanding of coral physiology and symbiosis.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

珊瑚礁是极其多样化的生态系统，为沿海社区提供食物、旅游收入和海岸线保护。珊瑚礁继续为社会提供这些服务的能力目前受到气候变化的威胁，气候变化导致海洋温度和酸度升高，从而导致珊瑚死亡，珊瑚是构建许多物种赖以生存的珊瑚礁框架的动物。该项目研究温度和酸化压力如何共同影响珊瑚未来的健康和生存。科学家们正在夏威夷开展该项目，在那里他们发现了对温度压力具有不同敏感性的个体珊瑚，这些珊瑚生活在具有不同环境 pH 条件的珊瑚礁上。该项目提高了对单个珊瑚的历史如何影响其对多种压力源的反应的了解，并有助于确定最有可能支持有弹性的珊瑚群落的条件。该项目将产生广泛的生物和物理化学数据，并免费提供。此外，该项目还支持海洋科学和珊瑚礁生态学本科生和高中生以及一名博士后研究员的教育和培训。面向高中生的实践活动正在发展成为免费的在线教育资源。该项目比较了经历不同 pH 动态（高昼夜变化与低昼夜变化）和不同热耐受性（历史白化敏感与耐受）的珊瑚对酸化应激的反应，以了解珊瑚对这两个因素的反应在珊瑚之间有何不同物种和种群内。实验的重点是在这些稳定和变化的 pH 珊瑚礁中发现的两种主要造礁生物：Montipora capitata 和 Porites compressa。在 2015 年全球珊瑚白化事件期间，每个物种表现出不同热敏感性（即漂白与着色）的个体都被标记。该系统测试了以下假设：1) 生活在昼夜 pH 值波动较大的珊瑚礁上的珊瑚对酸化压力的恢复能力更强，2) 珊瑚对酸化的恢复能力是一种可塑性状，可以通过适应环境来促进，3) 对热敏感的珊瑚的能力降低应对 pH 压力，这种压力在高温下会加剧。从每个环境和漂白历史的菌落中分离出的珊瑚细胞暴露在急性 pH 应激下，并使用共聚焦显微镜检查它们在体内恢复细胞内 pH 的能力，以及预测参与这种恢复的蛋白质的表达水平（例如质子转运蛋白））通过蛋白质印迹和免疫定位进行检查。将来自每个 pH 历史的珊瑚暴露在受控水族箱环境中稳定和可变的海水 pH 值中，以确定酸化弹性的可塑性水平并测试该系统中的 pH 适应能力。最后，具有不同热敏感性水平的珊瑚受到热应激和恢复，并随着时间的推移检查它们调节 pH 值的能力。这些实验的结果有助于确定在日益常见的热应激事件背景下促进珊瑚对海洋酸化的恢复能力的珊瑚礁条件，同时增进对珊瑚生理学和共生的机制理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为值得通过以下方式获得支持：使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Local habitat heterogeneity rivals regional differences in coral thermal tolerance

当地栖息地的异质性与珊瑚耐热性的区域差异相匹配

DOI：
10.1007/s00338-024-02484-x
发表时间：
2024-04
期刊：
Coral Reefs
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Brown, Kristen T.;Martynek, Marcelina P.;Barott, Katie L.
通讯作者：
Barott, Katie L.

Marine heatwaves depress metabolic activity and impair cellular acid–base homeostasis in reef‐building corals regardless of bleaching susceptibility

海洋热浪会抑制新陈代谢活动并损害珊瑚礁中的细胞酸碱平衡，无论珊瑚是否容易白化

DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15622
发表时间：
2021-04
期刊：
Global Change Biology
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Innis, Teegan;Allen‐Waller, Luella;Brown, Kristen T.;Sparagon, Wesley;Carlson, Christopher;Kruse, Elisa;Huffmyer, Ariana S.;Nelson, Craig E.;Putnam, Hollie M.;Barott, Katie L.
通讯作者：
Barott, Katie L.

Molecular mechanisms of sperm motility are conserved in an early-branching metazoan

精子活力的分子机制在早期分支后生动物中是保守的

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2109993118
发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Speer, Kelsey F;Allen;Novikov, Dana R;Barott, Katie L
通讯作者：
Barott, Katie L

Acute heat priming promotes short-term climate resilience of early life stages in a model sea anemone

急性热启动促进海葵模型早期生命阶段的短期气候适应能力

DOI：
10.7717/peerj.16574
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
PeerJ
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Glass BH;Jones KG;Ye AC;Dworetzky AG;Barott KL
通讯作者：
Barott KL

Divergent bleaching and recovery trajectories in reef-building corals following a decade of successive marine heatwaves

在连续十年的海洋热浪之后，造礁珊瑚的白化和恢复轨迹各不相同

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2312104120
发表时间：
2023-12-26
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Brown, Kristen T.;Lenz, Elizabeth A.;Glass, Benjamin H.;Kruse, Elisa;Mcclintock, Rayna;Drury, Crawford;Nelson, Craig E.;Putnam, Hollie M.;Barott, Katie L.
通讯作者：
Barott, Katie L.