COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: TRACKING PCO2, REGIONAL CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION CHANGE DURING MID-MIOCENE GLOBAL WARMING THROUGH THE EXCEPTIONAL PLANT RECORDS OF THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, USA

合作研究：通过美国西北太平洋地区的特殊植物记录追踪中新世中期全球变暖期间的 PCO2、区域气候和植被变化

基本信息

批准号：
1924390
负责人：
Caroline Stromberg
金额：
$ 27.06万
依托单位：
University of Washington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1924390&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH TRACKING PCO2 REGIONAL

项目摘要

Seventeen million years ago, Earth's climates gradually heated up and then stayed warm for several million years. This event is termed the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) and it was the last global warming event before the Ice Age. Still, what caused the warming and how it affected plants and animals remains unclear. This project uses plant fossils preserved in lake sediments in Washington, Idaho and Oregon to study how ecosystems changed during the MMCO. Specifically, the researchers will investigate whether CO2 (a greenhouse gas) emitted from Pacific Northwest (PNW) volcanoes during the mid-Miocene helped heat the atmosphere, how climate changed in the PNW, and how local plant communities adjusted to these changes. Mid-Miocene ecosystems were similar to today; therefore, learning about the MMCO helps predict what may happen to today's ecosystems experiencing climate change. Several graduate and undergraduate students are being trained, and a new display featuring MMCO research in the Burke Museum is being created. This project examines the causes and effects of mid-Miocene warming through the study of 18 exceptional PNW paleofloras from before, during and after the MMCO. Together, the floras form a sequence of linked data on atmospheric pCO2, regional climate change, and vegetation that can be precisely dated. The floras often preserve macrofossils, pollen, and phytoliths, providing an integrated view of local and regional climate and vegetation. Project aims are to: (1) do high-precision U-Pb geochronology on volcanic ashes at 13 floral sites across the MMCO; (2) study plant assemblages at all 18 sites to infer (a) vegetation composition, diversity, structure, and successional stage, (b) local-regional climate, and (c) atmospheric pCO2; and (3) use these data to evaluate the nature and timing of PNW ecosystem change during the MMCO. The project will contribute to a biogeographically more resolved understanding of how the Earth climate system and vegetation respond during global warming events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

一千七百万年前，地球气候逐渐变暖，然后保持温暖数百万年。这一事件被称为中新世中期气候最佳期（MMCO），它是冰河时代之前的最后一次全球变暖事件。尽管如此，导致变暖的原因以及它如何影响动植物仍不清楚。该项目利用华盛顿州、爱达荷州和俄勒冈州湖泊沉积物中保存的植物化石来研究 MMCO 期间生态系统的变化。具体来说，研究人员将调查中新世中期太平洋西北地区 (PNW) 火山排放的二氧化碳（一种温室气体）是否有助于加热大气、太平洋西北地区的气候如何变化，以及当地植物群落如何适应这些变化。中新世中期的生态系统与今天相似。因此，了解 MMCO 有助于预测当今经历气候变化的生态系统可能会发生什么。几名研究生和本科生正在接受培训，伯克博物馆正在创建一个以 MMCO 研究为主题的新展览。该项目通过研究 MMCO 之前、期间和之后的 18 个特殊的 PNW 古植物群，探讨中中新世变暖的原因和影响。这些植物区系共同构成了一系列关于大气二氧化碳分压、区域气候变化和植被的关联数据，可以精确测定年代。这些植物群通常保存着大化石、花粉和植硅体，提供了当地和区域气候和植被的综合视图。项目目标是： (1) 对 MMCO 13 个花卉地点的火山灰进行高精度 U-Pb 地质年代学； (2) 研究所有 18 个地点的植物组合，以推断 (a) 植被组成、多样性、结构和演替阶段，(b) 当地区域气候，以及 (c) 大气 pCO2； (3) 使用这些数据来评估 MMCO 期间 PNW 生态系统变化的性质和时间。该项目将有助于从生物地理学角度更清晰地了解地球气候系统和植被在全球变暖事件期间如何响应。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Community-scale trends in leaf traits across ecological succession in three forest types: implications for inferring functional composition of ancient plant communities

三种森林类型生态演替中叶性状的群落规模趋势：对推断古代植物群落功能组成的影响

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
Botany
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Lowe, Ale;do Espírito Santo, Mário Marcos;Oishi, A C;Both, Sabine;Oliviera, Pedro;Aguirre, E;Anders, Mira;Randall, Rosemary;Strömberg, C A
通讯作者：
Strömberg, C A

EVIDENCE FOR VOLCANIC DISTURBANCE IN THE MIDDLE MIOCENE SUCCOR CREEK FLORA (OREGON AND IDAHO)

中新世 SUCCOR 溪植物区系火山扰动的证据（俄勒冈州和爱达荷州）

DOI：
10.1130/abs/2022am-380693
发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs
影响因子：
0
作者：
Schiller, Christopher;Lowe, Alexander J.;Stromberg, Caroline A.E.;Schmitz, Mark D.;Dillhoff, Thomas A.;Fields, Patrick F.;Taggart, Ralph E.
通讯作者：
Taggart, Ralph E.

Ecological Strategy of Pacific Northwest Forests During the Miocene Climatic Optimum

中新世气候最适宜期太平洋西北地区森林的生态策略

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
Botany
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Cham, Melanie;Lowe, Ale;Royer, D L;Strömberg, C A;Rember, W C;Ronan, Sophia
通讯作者：
Ronan, Sophia

A new North American calibration for predicting canopy structure in deep time using epidermal phytolith morphology

一种新的北美校准，利用表皮植硅体形态来预测深层树冠结构

DOI：
发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
Botany
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Canares, Brielle Ann;Heath, Kit;Torres, Juan;Brightly, W H;Dunn, R E;Lowe, Ale;Stiles, E;Strömberg, C A
通讯作者：
Strömberg, C A

Using Leaf δ13C to Assess Water Use Efficiency within Plant Communities Across a Successional Gradient in Temperate and Tropical Forests

使用叶子 Î´13C 评估温带和热带森林连续梯度植物群落的水分利用效率