CAREER:Exploring the Unknowns: Responses of Soil Microbial Communities to Increased Plant Functional Trait Diversity in Managed Ecosystems

职业：探索未知：土壤微生物群落对管理生态系统中植物功能性状多样性增加的反应

• 批准号: 1941714
• 负责人: Rongzhong Ye
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Clemson University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1941714&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Exploring; Unknowns; Responses; Soil

Soil microorganisms are integral components of natural and agricultural ecosystems. Our ability to manipulate and manage soil microbial abundance and diversity can improve the capacities of ecosystems to provide goods and services to human society, such as water purification, nutrient regeneration, food, fiber, and energy production. However, such ability is constrained by our limited understanding of the complexity of microbial communities below ground and their connections to plants, and overall ecosystem function. Research in this NSF CAREER grant will investigate the interaction between plant diversity and soil microbial communities and the processes that they carry out. These include plant matter decomposition, nutrient regeneration, carbon retention and contributions to atmospheric gases. The synergistic nature of research and educational components of this project will produce well-trained personnel who will work effectively to address the Nation's agricultural and environmental challenges and opportunities. Communication of research-based information will increase public awareness of soil biological health, environmental literacy and agricultural advancement via research and education. The project will broaden participation of underrepresented groups in science, including first-generation college graduates, and inspire their interests to participate in scientific research.This research addresses two fundamental questions: (1) how increased above ground biodiversity (using cover crops as a model study system) affects soil microbial community composition and functional traits related to soil biogeochemical processes that underpin soil health and agroecosystem productivity and sustainability; and (2) whether the linkages between soil microbial biodiversity and agroecosystem function can be understood. A whole ecosystem approach, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level, will be performed with the application of cutting-edge experimental techniques, including stable isotope probing and metagenomics, to investigate the response of microbiota. This project will improve our understanding of the interactions among plants, soil, microbes, and the environment, the four major components of ecosystems. The project will untangle the mystery of how plants modify soil microbial communities through their organic inputs and how microbial biomass, in turn, influences plant performance by regulating soil carbon and nutrient cycling. The completion of this project will advance our knowledge of the relationships between microbial communities and specific soil functions (e.g. nutrient retention, biogeochemical cycling and plant residue decomposition), as well as how microbial communities can be controlled to direct biogeochemical processes that are important to the productivity and sustainability of managed ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤微生物是自然和农业生态系统的组成部分。我们操纵和管理土壤微生物丰度和多样性的能力可以提高生态系统的能力，从而为人类社会提供商品和服务，例如水净化，营养再生，食品，纤维和能源生产。但是，这种能力受到我们对地下微生物群落的复杂性及其与植物的联系以及整体生态系统功能的有限理解的限制。 NSF职业赠款中的研究将调查植物多样性与土壤微生物群落之间的相互作用以及它们执行的过程。 这些包括植物物质分解，营养再生，保留碳和对大气气体的贡献。该项目的研究和教育组成部分的协同性质将产生训练有素的人员，这些人员将有效地应对国家的农业和环境挑战和机遇。基于研究的信息的沟通将提高公众对通过研究和教育的土壤生物健康，环境素养和农业发展的认识。该项目将扩大代表性不足的科学参与，包括第一代大学毕业生，并激发他们参与科学研究的兴趣。这项研究解决了两个基本问题：（1）（1）在地面生物多样性（使用覆盖农作物作为模型研究系统）如何增加上面的生物多样性（使用模型研究系统）会影响土壤微生物社区的组成和与土壤生物学的生产和功能性特征，并与土壤生物学的生产范围及其功能性的生物学生物和活性，并构成了与土壤生物学的生产力，并且涉及土壤生物学的生物学和良好的生物学，并构成了与土壤生物学的生物疾病，并且是对土壤的生物学生物的构成和型号的生物学生物，并且构成了生物多样性，并且是对土壤的生物学生物的生物多样性和良好的生物学作用。可持续性； （2）是否可以理解土壤微生物生物多样性和农业生态系统功能之间的联系。从分子到生态系统水平的整个生态系统方法将通过应用尖端实验技术（包括稳定的同位素探测和宏基因组学）来研究微生物群的响应。该项目将提高我们对生态系统的四个主要组成部分的植物，土壤，微生物和环境之间的相互作用的理解。该项目将解开植物如何通过其有机输入来改变土壤微生物群落的奥秘，以及微生物生物量如何通过调节土壤碳和养分循环来影响植物的性能。该项目的完成将提高我们对微生物群落与特定土壤功能之间关系的了解（例如，养分保留，生物地球化学循环和植物残留分解），以及如何控制微生物群落如何直接导演生物地球化学过程，这些过程对良好的态度及其授予的态度均具有良好的态度。使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响评估标准进行评估。

项目成果

Mineral N suppressed priming effect while increasing microbial C use efficiency and N2O production in sandy soils under long-term conservation management

• DOI: 10.1007/s00374-022-01665-6
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: Biology and Fertility of Soils
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Binaya Parajuli;R. Ye;A. Szogi