Doctoral Dissertation Research: When Does Interparty Conversation Harm or Heal Affective Polarization

博士论文研究：党际对话何时损害或治愈情感两极分化

基本信息

批准号：
1938811
负责人：
Jacob Montgomery
金额：
$ 2.33万
依托单位：
Washington University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-03-15 至 2021-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1938811&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research When Does

项目摘要

Americans increasingly dislike, distrust, and even discriminate against members of the opposite political party. Yet, Americans interact with opposing party members in their everyday lives. Conversations—whether touching on politics or not—occur at work, online, or when ordering a morning coffee. How do these everyday conversations across party lines affect the animosity Americans hold for opposing party members? When might everyday conversations reinforce, and when might they mitigate, this animosity? Because engaging in disagreeable political conversation is important for the healthy functioning of a democracy, this research analyzes the role political conversations play in shaping attitudes toward opposing party members. By identifying the conditions under which conversations tend to heal, and when might they worsen, America's partisan animosity, this research brings evidence to bear on how Americans' everyday interactions impact the broader political climate. Americans' increasing animosity for members of the opposing party is well-documented. However, it remains unclear how everyday interactions amongst opposing party members affect this trend. On the one hand, many Americans strongly identify as members of a political party. Research shows that partisanship, as a group-based identity, negatively colors our perceptions of outparty members. It follows that interparty conversation could go awry and further harm negative attitudes toward outparty members. One the other hand, theories of intergroup relations suggest that contact with outparty members can heal outparty animosity. This project addresses these conflicting expectations by theorizing about how interparty conversations unfold, what effect interparty conversations have on outparty attitudes, and how this may differ for political and non-political conversations. This project also develops two novel methodological approaches to facilitate an experimental test of its hypotheses. First, this project develops an experimental design suited for experiments involving social interaction, which is common in studies of deliberation and political discussion. Second, this project develops a chat software so participants can engage in real-time, written, online conversations, without the need for an academic laboratory or existing participant pool. Taken together, the experimental design and chat software overcome a set of methodological and practical concerns to improve the experimental study of social interaction.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国人越来越厌恶，不信任，甚至歧视对方政党的成员。然而，美国人在每天生活中与反对党成员互动。对话 - 无论是政治与否，都在工作，在线或订购早上咖啡时。跨聚会界线的每天对话如何影响美国人对反对党成员的仇恨？每天的谈话什么时候可以加强这种仇恨？由于参与令人讨厌的政治对话对于民主的健康功能很重要，因此这项研究分析了政治对话在塑造与会者对反对党成员中的作用。通过确定对话趋于愈合的条件，以及当他们可能担心的是美国的党派仇恨，这项研究带来了证据表明美国人每天的互动如何影响更广泛的政治气候。美国人对反对党成员的仇恨日益富有据可查。但是，目前尚不清楚反对党成员之间的每天互动如何影响这一趋势。一方面，许多美国人强烈认定为政党的成员。研究表明，作为基于群体的身份，partysiship对我们对支出成员的看法产生了负面影响。因此，跨党的对话可能会出现问题，并进一步损害对士兵的负面影响。另一方面，群体间关系的理论表明，与支出成员的接触可以治愈支出敌意。该项目通过理论化内派对的对话如何进行，内派对对话对出场的影响以及政治和非政治对话可能有何不同，从而解决了这些矛盾的期望。该项目还开发了两种新型的方法论方法，以促进其假设的实验测试。首先，该项目开发了一种适用于涉及社会互动的实验的实验设计，这在审议和政治讨论的研究中很常见。其次，该项目开发了一个聊天软件，因此参与者可以进行实时，书面的在线对话，而无需进行学术实验室或现有的参与池。同时，实验设计和聊天软件克服了一组方法论和实际问题，以改善社会互动的实验研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为是通过评估来获得的支持。