Mass spectrometric investigation of chemical conversion processes in flow reactors

连续反应器中化学转化过程的质谱研究

• 批准号: 239921178
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Tina Kasper
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/239921178?language=en
• 关键词: Mass; spectrometric; investigation; chemical; conversion

The main objective of work in the research unit is to investigate the use of engines as flexible chemical reactors. In processes, referred to here as polygeneration, the engines should simultaneously provide higher-value chemicals, heat, and mechanical work. The planned work is the continuation of research performed in the project GV1 of the research unit FOR 1993.GV1 focusses on the investigation of the fundamental kinetic processes underlying the chemical conversion processes. In the third phase of the project, the main objective of the investigations is to assess the influence of ozone as additive on the formation of interesting chemicals because it is expected that ozone already activates the conversion reactions at very low concentrations. Fuel-rich gas mixtures are investigated in two types of flow reactors at temperatures between T = 300 – 1200 K, and high pressure (1 – 20 bar) for different residence times. The gas composition at the outlet of the reactor is analyzed by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. Desired chemical conversion processes are all reactions that can potentially be used to store chemical energy, e.g. dehydrogenations, steam reforming, or C-C-coupling reactions, and partial oxidations. Conditions that lead to the formation of interesting products are identified by analyzing the product gas composition as function of the process parameters pressure, temperature or the residence time. Concentration profiles as function of reactor temperature or residence time serve as validation data for the development and testing of the “PolyMech” reaction mechanism developed in the research unit 1993. The reaction mechanism serves as a means of information transfer to apply results from the fundamental investigations to the application – the co-production of work and chemicals in the motor.The work in the third phase of the project relies on the methods already successfully implemented in the first two project phases and established collaborations. In the third project phase, biogenic fuels and additives (biogas, ethanol, methanol and oxymethylene ethers) will be used in addition to methane and natural gas to expand the accessible spectrum of products. The most important scientific question is, however, how the use of ozone as additive affects the chemical conversion processes. Ozone decomposes already at low temperature into reactive radicals and can activate the conversion reactions in this way. Since, in contrast to other additives, it does not compete with the fuel for the available oxygen, it does not limit the conversions of the fuel. Based on these observations, it will be investigated to what extent ozone can be used to improve the product yields and the selectivities of oxygenated and non-oxygenated products. As a result of the investigations, a fundamental kinetic understanding of the reaction mechanisms of ozone is generated.

研究的主要目的是将发动机作为柔性化学反应器。在1993年的研究单元的项目GV1中进行。GV1专注于化学趋利过程的基本动力学动力。在t = 300-1200 K之间的两种类型的流动反应器中，对燃料富含气体的混合物进行了研究。通过质量和气体hromotograph。压力LE作为反应器温度或居住时间作为验证数据的函数，用于开发1993年E研究单元中“ Polymech”反应机制的发展。反应机制的信息传递是信息传递，以将基本投资的结果应用于应用程序 - 在第一个项目阶段的第三阶段的工作和化学物质的共同生产，在第三个项目阶段，生物添加剂和添加剂（biogass，乙醇，甲醇和氧化物）将是甲烷和天然气但是，最大的科学问题是，臭氧的使用是如何在温度上激活臭氧的。氧观察结果将以臭氧为生，可以改善产物年份，氧气和氧气的含量，作为研究的结果。