Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: The Nature of Hinterland Communities

博士论文改进补助金：腹地社区的性质

• 批准号: 1935468
• 负责人: Jennifer Kahn
• 金额: $ 2.31万
• 依托单位: College of William and Mary
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935468&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Nature

This award permits Mr. Nicholas Belluzzo to investigate a pre-contact hinterland community on the island of Hawai'i. Researchers in Polynesia have long studied chiefly society and processes of sociopolitical formation. Previous scholarship has often focused on archaeological records of core, chiefly centers, with models highlighting elite power strategies and authority. However, more recent scholarship increasingly focuses on understanding the common, non-elite role and agency in society. By virtue of their position beyond the margins of the royal centers, even less is known about how hinterland communities conceived of authority at both the local- and regional-scales or how this conception differed from the royal centers. Given that hinterland communities are less well represented in historical literature and ethnographic documentation, archaeological approaches are well situated to augment a more spatially comprehensive record of sociopolitical formation in Hawai'i. By deploying and re-defining the concept of hinterland, this project focuses specific attention on the agency, sources of authority, and social hierarchy of Hawaiian communities at multiple scales. The study re-frames depictions of hinterland communities from zones of resource extraction to intentional communities agentively negotiating local and regional interactions. As a multi-disciplinary effort, Mr. Belluzzo will collaborate with soil scientists, paleobotanists, authorities in traditional Hawaiian knowledge systems, and State land managers to develop a holistic research study while establishing cross-disciplinary research relationships.This research frames hinterlands as neither frontiers nor borderlands, but locations situated between multiple sources of power and authority. By moving beyond monolithic core-periphery interactions, the research will investigate non-elite Hawaiian hinterland communities in the southern Kau District of Hawai'i Island using a "bottom-up" approach. This will highlight how agency and local authority created interactive communities not wholly subordinate to elite centers or political cores. The research will employ a landscape-based approach to assess the traditional Hawaiian land division of Manuka, situated at the intersection of two larger political districts in an environmentally uncertain region. This region will be evaluated to identify variation in community, agency, and authority using ethnographic, environmental, ecological, and archaeological data. Nick Belluzzo and his research team will collect data through a combination of archaeological survey, archival research, and test excavations to generate archaeological and environmental datasets. Geostatistical analysis will elicit patterns of authority and regional relationships in the archaic Hawaiian State. Specifically, this research will compare records of change and regional diversity in settlement and agricultural practices against expectations from more agriculturally productive core regions under direct, centralized chiefly rule. Both the results and syntheses of multiple novel methods will be broadly applicable to modeling social complexity in complex societies world-wide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项允许尼古拉斯·贝卢佐（Nicholas Belluzzo）先生调查夏威夷岛上的接触前腹地社区。波利尼西亚的研究人员长期以来一直研究社会和社会政治形成的过程。 先前的奖学金通常集中在核心的考古记录上，主要是中心，模型强调了精英力量战略和权威。但是，最近的奖学金越来越集中于理解社会中常见的，非精英的角色和代理。由于他们的位置超出了皇家中心的边缘，更少知道腹地社区如何在地方和地区范围内构想权威，或者这个概念与皇家中心有何不同。鉴于腹地社区在历史文献和民族志文档中的代表性较差，考古方法非常适合增强夏威夷社会政治形成的空间上更全面的记录。通过部署和重新定义腹地的概念，该项目将特定的关注集中在多个规模的夏威夷社区的机构，权威来源和社会​​等级制度上。该研究将腹地社区的描述从资源提取的区域到有意社区，以积极地谈判当地和区域互动。作为一项多学科的努力，贝卢佐（Belluzzo）先生将与土壤科学家，古植物学家，传统夏威夷知识系统的当局以及国家土地管理者合作，同时建立跨学科研究关系，以建立跨学科研究关系。这项研究既不是边境，但既不是边境又有界限，但是位于多个权力来源之间。通过超越整体核心局部相互作用，该研究将通过“自下而上”的方法调查夏威夷岛南部南部南部区南部地区的非精英夏威夷腹地社区。这将强调代理和地方当局如何建立互动社区，而不是完全下属的精英中心或政治核心。该研究将采用一种基于景观的方法来评估麦卢卡传统的夏威夷土地师，该地区位于一个环境不确定地区的两个较大政治区的交汇处。将对该地区进行评估以使用人种学，环境，生态和考古数据来确定社区，代理和权威的差异。尼克·贝卢佐（Nick Belluzzo）和他的研究团队将通过考古调查，档案研究和测试发掘的结合来收集数据，以生成考古和环境数据集。地统计分析将引起古夏威夷州的权威和区域关系模式。具体而言，这项研究将比较定居和农业实践中的变化和区域多样性的记录与在直接，集中的主要统治下更具农业生产力的核心地区的期望。多种新颖方法的结果和合成都将广泛地适用于在全球复杂社会中建模社会复杂性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估标准的评估值得支持的。