EFRI C3 SoRo: Integration of Avian Flight Control Strategies with Self Adaptive Structures for Stable Flight in Unknown Flows

EFRI C3 SoRo：将鸟类飞行控制策略与自适应结构相结合，实现未知流量中的稳定飞行

• 批准号: 1935216
• 负责人: Daniel Inman
• 金额: $ 200万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935216&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EFRI; C3; SoRo; Integration; Avian

This project will create flight control methods for a new class of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with feather-like appendages and shape-changing planform, designed based on deep understanding of how birds maintain stability and respond to flow disturbances while gliding in unpredictable environments. This project includes the development of 3D printed artificial feathers, with integrated sensing and actuation. The main purpose of the artificial feathers is to provide a passive control component, by appropriately deflecting in response, for example, to a wind gust. A larger but slower active control component is supplied by an articulated support structure based on a bird wing, whose shape can be changed depending on flight conditions and desired maneuvers. Avian studies will explore the aerodynamic contributions of both passive feather flexibility and active wing shape control. The resulting knowledge will be translated to the UAV using distributed computing and control. The new generation of UAVs resulting from this project will have increased mission versatility and greater survivability in unknown turbulent environments. These improved capabilities will be valuable for monitoring fires, delivering rescue supplies, and accomplishing searching and rescue missions. The ability to remain stable despite wind gusts and other environmental disturbances is also a key element for safe flight as these platforms are increasingly deployed in crowded urban environments. Outreach programs based on the wind tunnel experiments and field studies associated with this grant will be used to inspire a diverse group of young people to enter STEM programs.The project goals include modeling of passive and active mechanics of 3D printed materials with embedded sensing and actuation capabilities for artificial feather-like components and employing novel 3D printing methods to develop UAV structures with elbow and wrist-type joints capable of implementing avian flight control strategies. Piezoelectric materials will be used for sensing and fine-scale control of the feather-like elements, while hydraulically amplified electrostatic actuation will be used in the morphing planform. Detailed nonlinear simulations will be used to capture the nonlinear fluid-structure interactions including the highly deformable feather elements. A combination of model-based and data-driven hierarchical control strategies will be used to translate observed avian flight behaviors to the UAV. Experiments will capture avian response to flow disturbances, including active (muscle-powered) and passive (feather deflection) wing morphing, augmented by detailed measurement of feather attachment, mechanical properties of feathers and wings, neuromorphic computing, and deflection measurements in near-field flows. A compliant wing test bed will complement the avian experiments in steady and unsteady loading environments through wind tunnel testing over a range of flow conditions.This project is jointly funded by the National Science Foundation and the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将为新的无人驾驶飞机（UAV）创建飞行控制方法，并具有类似羽毛的附属物和改变形状的平面形式，该方法是基于对鸟类如何保持稳定性的深刻理解，并在不可预测的环境中滑动时，基于对鸟类保持稳定性的深刻理解。该项目包括开发3D印刷人造羽毛，并具有集成的感应和驱动。人造羽毛的主要目的是通过适当地偏向于风阵，提供一个被动控制组件。较大但较慢的主动控制组件是由基于鸟翼的铰接支撑结构提供的，该支撑结构可以根据飞行条件和所需的操作来改变其形状。禽类研究将探索被动羽毛柔韧性和主动翼形控制的空气动力学贡献。所得的知识将使用分布式计算和控制将所得的知识转化为UAV。该项目导致的新一代无人机将在未知的动荡环境中提高任务多功能性和更大的生存能力。这些改进的功能对于监视火灾，提供救援用品以及完成搜救任务将是有价值的。尽管风阵和其他环境干扰，尽管这些平台越来越多地部署在拥挤的城市环境中，但仍能保持稳定的能力。 Outreach programs based on the wind tunnel experiments and field studies associated with this grant will be used to inspire a diverse group of young people to enter STEM programs.The project goals include modeling of passive and active mechanics of 3D printed materials with embedded sensing and actuation capabilities for artificial feather-like components and employing novel 3D printing methods to develop UAV structures with elbow and wrist-type joints capable of implementing avian flight control strategies.压电材料将用于感应类似羽毛的元素的高尺度控制，而液压放大的静电致动将用于变形平面。详细的非线性模拟将用于捕获包括高度可变形的羽毛元素在内的非线性流体结构相互作用。将使用基于模型和数据驱动的层次控制策略的组合来将观察到的鸟类飞行行为转化为无人机。实验将捕获对流动障碍的禽类反应，包括主动（肌肉动力）和被动（羽毛偏转）机翼变形，通过详细测量羽毛附着的详细测量，羽毛和翅膀的机械性能，神经形态计算的机械性能，以及近场流中的挠度测量值。 A compliant wing test bed will complement the avian experiments in steady and unsteady loading environments through wind tunnel testing over a range of flow conditions.This project is jointly funded by the National Science Foundation and the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

项目成果

Passive aeroelastic deflection of avian primary feathers

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ab97fd
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Bioinspiration & Biomimetics
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: B. Klaassen van Oorschot;R. Choroszucha;B. Tobalske

Precipitation printing towards diverse materials, mechanical tailoring and functional devices

针对多种材料、机械剪裁和功能设备的沉淀印刷

• DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101358
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Additive Manufacturing
• 影响因子: 11
• 作者: Tu, Ruowen;Sprague, Ethan;Sodano, Henry A.
• 通讯作者: Sodano, Henry A.

Autonomous Learning in a Pseudo-Episodic Physical Environment

• DOI: 10.1007/s10846-022-01577-5
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Kevin P. T. Haughn;D. Inman

Load alleviation of feather-inspired compliant airfoils for instantaneous flow control

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-3190/ab9b6f
• 发表时间: 2020-09-01
• 期刊: BIOINSPIRATION & BIOMIMETICS
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Gamble, Lawren L.;Harvey, Christina;Inman, Daniel J.
• 通讯作者: Inman, Daniel J.

Deep reinforcement learning achieves multifunctional morphing airfoil control

• DOI: 10.1177/00219983221137644
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Journal of Composite Materials
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Kevin P. T. Haughn;Lawren L. Gamble;D. Inman