Burial of organic matter for carbon sequestration: Potentials, processes and long-term effects

埋藏有机物固碳：潜力、过程和长期影响

• 批准号: 239645596
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Axel Don
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Geoökologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/239645596?language=en
• 关键词: Burial; organic; matter; carbon; sequestration

Increased carbon sequestration in soils is acknowledged as climate mitigation measure to reduce atmospheric CO2. Until now, research and praxis have focused on reduced and no-tillage even though their effects on soil carbon stocks of soils are marginal. The option of organic matter burial to enhance carbon storage in agriculture and forestry has been overlooked so far and almost no studies exist. Moreover, the processes of long-term stabilisation and storage of carbon in subsoils is insufficiently understood.Soil management has always led to organic matter burial. Croplands have been widely managed as ridge and furrow systems since the 12th century. With mouldboard ploughing into one direction, ridges were built up and buried former topsoil underneath. With invention of the steam plough the ploughing depth was continuously increased. Deep ploughing has been used for soil melioration in Podsols and Luvisols and later on also in peatland cultivation. During the 1960s dozens of agricultural field experiments on deep ploughing were set up in Northern Germany. The aims of the project are:1) to compare the long-term effect of organic matter burial on soil carbon stocks and thus, its climate impact analysing deep ploughing in agricultural (10 sites) and forestry (5 sites) and fossil cropland (5 ridge and furrow sites). In a paired plot approach soil carbon stocks are quantified down to 150 cm depth.2) to investigate the underlying mechanisms and processes of long-term stabilisation and storage of buried carbon. In addition to analysis of the main soil specific driving factors that control carbon storage, the degree of carbon stabilisation is going to be analysed using fractionation schemes that have to be further developed to be applicable also for subsoils.3) to determine the effect of organic matter burial on carbon turnover rates via radio carbon analysis on deeply ploughed soils and comparable not deeply ploughed soils. Nuclear bomb tests during the 1960s doubled the atmospheric 14C concentration which can be used as tracer for the freshly buried carbon at the deep plough trials. Potential bioavailability of buried vs. non-buried carbon are determined in incubation experiments. Together with soil ecological parameters such as microbial biomass and the metabolic ratio they provide an insight into microbial life conditions in the subsoil.Thus, organic matter burial can be used as experimental set-up to investigate the underlying mechanisms of centennial carbon storage in subsoils and to quantify subsoil potential to store carbon via targeted soil management.

增加土壤固碳被认为是减少大气二氧化碳的气候缓解措施。到目前为止，研究和实践都集中在减少耕作和免耕上，尽管它们对土壤碳储量的影响微乎其微。迄今为止，通过埋藏有机物来增强农业和林业碳储存的选择一直被忽视，几乎没有任何研究。此外，人们对地下土壤中碳的长期稳定和储存过程还没有充分了解。土壤管理总是导致有机物埋藏。自 12 世纪以来，农田一直以垄沟系统的形式被广泛管理。随着犁板向一个方向犁耕，山脊就形成了，并将以前的表土埋在下面。随着蒸汽犁的发明，犁耕深度不断增加。深耕已用于改良 Podsols 和 Luvisols 的土壤，后来也用于泥炭地耕种。 20 世纪 60 年代，德国北部开展了数十次深耕农业田间试验。该项目的目标是：1) 比较有机质埋藏对土壤碳储量的长期影响，从而分析其对农业（10 个地点）、林业（5 个地点）和化石农田（5 个地点）深耕的气候影响。埂和沟地点）。采用配对样地方法，对 150 厘米深度的土壤碳储量进行量化。2) 研究埋藏碳长期稳定和储存的潜在机制和过程。除了分析控制碳储存的主要土壤特定驱动因素外，还将使用分馏方案来分析碳稳定程度，该方案必须进一步开发以适用于底土。3) 确定有机物的影响通过对深耕土壤和类似的未深耕土壤进行放射性碳分析，研究物质埋藏对碳周转率的影响。 20 世纪 60 年代的核弹试验使大气 14C 浓度增加了一倍，可在深耕试验中用作新埋碳的示踪剂。埋藏碳与非埋藏碳的潜在生物利用度在孵化实验中确定。与土壤生态参数（例如微生物生物量和代谢率）一起，它们可以深入了解底土中的微生物生活条件。因此，有机质埋藏可用作实验装置，以研究底土中百年碳储存的潜在机制和通过有针对性的土壤管理来量化底土储存碳的潜力。

项目成果

Isolating organic carbon fractions with varying turnover rates in temperate agricultural soils – A comprehensive method comparison

• DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.025
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: C. Poeplau;A. Don;J. Six;M. Kaiser;D. Benbi;C. Chenu;M. F. Cotrufo;D. Derrien;P. Gioacchini-

Legacy of medieval ridge and furrow cultivation on soil organic carbon distribution and stocks in forests

中世纪垄沟耕作对土壤有机碳分布和森林储量的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2017.02.013
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Catena
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Alcantara V;Well R;Nieder R.
• 通讯作者: Nieder R.

Deep ploughing increases agricultural soil organic matter stocks

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13289
• 发表时间: 2016-08-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Alcantara, Viridiana;Don, Axel;Nieder, Rolf
• 通讯作者: Nieder, Rolf

Thermal oxidation does not fractionate soil organic carbon with differing biological stabilities

• DOI: 10.1002/jpln.201600172
• 发表时间: 2017-02
• 期刊: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Marcus Schiedung;A. Don;Patrick Wordell-Dietrich;V. Alcántara;P. Kuner;G. Guggenberger

Soil carbon: Deep ploughing benefits

土壤碳：深耕的好处

• DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3072
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Nature Climate Change
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Brown A.