Sensors for Low-Frequency Improvements in Advanced LIGO

用于先进 LIGO 低频改进的传感器

• 批准号: 1912380
• 负责人: Jens Gundlach
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1912380&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sensors; Low; Frequency; Improvements; Advanced

This award supports research in gravitational physics instrumentation, and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. The project aims at the development of high-precision sensors, such as a compact inertial tilt sensor, to improve the low-frequency sensitivity and robustness of LIGO. Improvement in LIGO's sensitivity will lead to the detection of gravitational waves (GW) from heavier binary sources and improved signal to noise ratio. Making LIGO robust against harsh environmental conditions, such as wind and earthquakes, improves the duty cycle for GW observation, leading to more detections, which will in turn increase the rate of new discoveries from GW science. The tilt sensors will have a broader impact in areas such as seismology and geophysics by enabling measurement of tele-seismic tilts and tilt-free ground acceleration at frequencies as low as 10 mHz. The high precision angle readouts developed for these tilt sensors have a wide variety of applications in metrology and precision experiments. This award not only supports the development of devices for Advanced LIGO, but it also serves to maintain and strengthen synergistic activities of the table-top gravity group with the gravitational wave detection community. Importantly, this STEM research will train undergraduate and graduate students in building precision mechanical instruments for fundamental research.Environmental conditions such as high wind, microseism and earthquakes continue to affect duty cycle and add noise to the LIGO detectors. This is primarily due to the inability of seismometers to distinguish between low-frequency tilt and translation, known as tilt-horizontal coupling. The ground-tilt sensors the group has developed are already improving the low-frequency seismic isolation in LIGO. Making them smaller, more sensitive with interferometric readouts and compatible with LIGO vacuum requirements, would allow them to be mounted directly on the isolated platforms from which the main mirrors are suspended, reducing the low-frequency angular motion of the platform by more than two orders of magnitude. In addition, the group will also research sensors for Newtonian noise reduction and a Gravitational calibrator to improve the absolute accuracy of GW measurementsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持引力物理仪器的研究，并解决了美国国家科学基金会“宇宙之窗”大构想的优先领域。该项目旨在开发高精度传感器，例如紧凑型惯性倾斜传感器，以提高 LIGO 的低频灵敏度和鲁棒性。 LIGO 灵敏度的提高将有助于检测来自较重双星源的引力波 (GW)，并提高信噪比。使 LIGO 能够抵御风和地震等恶劣环境条件，提高引力波观测的工作周期，从而实现更多探测，进而提高引力波科学的新发现率。倾斜传感器能够以低至 10 mHz 的频率测量远程地震倾斜和无倾斜地面加速度，从而对地震学和地球物理学等领域产生更广泛的影响。为这些倾斜传感器开发的高精度角度读数在计量和精密实验中具有广泛的应用。该奖项不仅支持先进LIGO设备的开发，而且还有助于维持和加强桌面重力组与引力波探测界的协同活动。重要的是，这项 STEM 研究将培训本科生和研究生建造用于基础研究的精密机械仪器。强风、微震和地震等环境条件继续影响占空比，并增加 LIGO 探测器的噪声。这主要是由于地震仪无法区分低频倾斜和平移（称为倾斜水平耦合）。该小组开发的地面倾斜传感器已经改善了 LIGO 的低频隔震性能。使它们更小、干涉读数更灵敏并兼容 LIGO 真空要求，将允许它们直接安装在悬挂主镜的隔离平台上，从而将平台的低频角运动减少两个以上数量级的数量级。此外，该小组还将研究用于牛顿降噪的传感器和重力校准器，以提高引力波测量的绝对精度。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Observation of a potential future sensitivity limitation from ground motion at LIGO Hanford

汉福德 LIGO 地面运动未来潜在灵敏度限制的观测

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.102002
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Harms, J.;Bonilla, E. L.;Coughlin, M. W.;Driggers, J.;Dwyer, S. E.;McManus, D. J.;Ross, M. P.;Slagmolen, B. J. J.;Venkateswara, K.
• 通讯作者: Venkateswara, K.

A low-frequency torsion pendulum with interferometric readout

具有干涉读数的低频扭摆

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0043098
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Review of Scientific Instruments
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Ross, M. P.;Venkateswara, K.;Hagedorn, C. A.;Leupold, C. J.;Forsyth, P. W. F.;Wegner, J. D.;Shaw, E. A.;Lee, J. G.;Gundlach, J. H.
• 通讯作者: Gundlach, J. H.

Initial results from the LIGO Newtonian calibrator

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.082006
• 发表时间: 2021-06-30
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: M. Ross;T. Mistry;L. Datrier;J. Kissel;K. Venkateswara;C. Weller;K. Kumar;C. Hagedorn;E. Adelberger;John Lee;E. Shaw;P. Thomas;D. Barker;F. Clara;B. Gateley;T. Guidry;E. Daw;M. Hendry;J. Gundlach
• 通讯作者: J. Gundlach

Limits on the stochastic gravitational wave background and prospects for single-source detection with GRACE Follow-On

随机引力波背景的限制以及 GRACE Follow-On 单源探测的前景

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.102004
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Ross, M. P.;Hagedorn, C. A.;Shaw, E. A.;Lockwood, A. L.;Iritani, B. M.;Lee, J. G.;Venkateswara, K.;Gundlach, J. H.
• 通讯作者: Gundlach, J. H.

A cryogenic torsion balance using a liquid-cryogen free, ultra-low vibration cryostat

使用无液体制冷剂、超低振动低温恒温器的低温扭转天平

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0089933
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Review of Scientific Instruments
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Fleischer, S. M.;Ross, M. P.;Venkateswara, K.;Hagedorn, C. A.;Shaw, E. A.;Swanson, E.;Heckel, B. R.;Gundlach, J. H.
• 通讯作者: Gundlach, J. H.