RAPID: Assessing the ecosystem impact of drinking water orthophosphate addition on urban watersheds

RAPID：评估饮用水中添加正磷酸盐对城市流域的生态系统影响

• 批准号: 1929843
• 负责人: Sarah Haig
• 金额: $ 17.5万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929843&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Assessing; ecosystem; impact; drinking

The city of Pittsburgh is planning to add corrosion inhibitors (e.g., orthophosphate -PO43−), at the end of March 2019 to the 70 million gallons of drinking water (DW) it produces, to combat lead leaching from lead service lines. The planned rate of addition is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than current levels of reactive phosphorus (P) in DW and urban streams. This substantial change in P concentration, alongside the fact that Pittsburgh's DW pipe network loses an estimated 15 million gallons/day due to leaks, suggests that elevated concentrations of P are likely to infiltrate into groundwater and could ultimately impact the health of urban streams. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project will assess changes in the microbial ecology, water chemistry and nutrient availability in water collected from DW pipes and hydrologically connected urban streams before and after PO43− addition.The primary goal of this RAPID is to determine whether PO43− addition in the Pittsburgh DW pipe system will impact the ecology and geochemical cycling in hydrologically connected urban streams. Water samples will be collected from urban streams and DW pipe locations eight times before and eight times after PO43− addition. By performing comprehensive water chemistry analysis, microbial community characterization and quantification of specific genera and species linked to PO43− accumulation and nitrogen fixation, the scientists will observe whether broad-scale ecological or nutritional shifts occur. Likewise, algal nutritional limitation studies will provide insight into the eutrophication potential of urban stream water after PO43− addition. Overall, the study will help answer fundamental ecological questions relating to how leaking DW infrastructure can impact nutrient cycling and aquatic ecosystems in hydrologically connected urban streams.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

匹兹堡市正计划在2019年3月底增加腐蚀抑制剂（例如Orthophathate -PO43＆＃8722;），以使其产生的7000万加仑的饮用水（DW），以对抗铅服务线的铅铅浸出。计划中的添加速率是DW和城市流中电流磷（P）的电流水平高2-3个数量级。 P浓度的这种重大变化，以及匹兹堡的DW管网络由于泄漏而估计每天损失了1500万加仑，这表明升高的P浓度可能会渗入地下水中，并最终影响城市流的健康。这项快速响应研究（快速）项目将评估从DW管道和PO43＆＃8722之前和之后从DW管道和水文连接的城市流中收集的水中微生物生态学，水化学和营养物的可用性变化。此快速的主要目标是确定PO43＆＃8722;匹兹堡DW管道中的增加将影响水文连接的城市流中的生态和地球化学循环。在PO43＆＃8722;添加。通过进行全面的水化学分析，微生物群落的特征和量化与PO43相关的特定属和物种。积累和氮固定，科学家将观察大规模的生态或营养转移。同样，藻类营养局限性研究将为PO43＆＃8722;添加。总体而言，这项研究将有助于回答与泄漏DW基础设施如何在水文相关的Urban流中影响营养循环和水生生态系统有关的基本生态问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。