Observing LIGO/Virgo-triggered neutron star mergers with the Dark Energy Camera: a new path for Cosmology

用暗能量相机观察 LIGO/Virgo 触发的中子星合并：宇宙学的新路径

• 批准号: 1910719
• 负责人: Marcelle Soares-Santos
• 金额: $ 49.37万
• 依托单位: Brandeis University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1910719&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Observing; LIGO; Virgo; triggered; neutron

This project will make a precision measurement of the cosmic expansion rate. This hybrid program has a target of opportunity follow-up component and a survey component. The survey will strategically cover the regions of interest of many black hole events. It will collect a sample of gravitational-wave triggered neutron star merger events and a sample of black hole mergers for which potential host galaxies have been cataloged. The rate of cosmic expansion is a key parameter in modern cosmology. There is currently tension between local measurements and the results from cosmic microwave background studies, which motivates the pursuit of improved independent observables: gravitational waves have long been proposed as one such. This work covers two such alternatives. Broadening the impact of research on society at large requires effective communication to audiences from diverse backgrounds, including pre-college teens currently under-represented in STEM fields. The researcher will engage with high schools and emphasize under-represented groups, using the infrastructure of the Brandeis Science Communication Laboratory.This study uses the full range of available data from the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on NSF's Blanco 4-meter telescope in Chile, including images taken as part of the Dark Energy Survey (DES), as well as non-DES DECam images. It will also use data from another NSF facility, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory, LIGO. Methods to be used include a Hubble diagram fit to a sample of neutron star mergers and a statistical dark sirens analysis for black hole events. This is a new method independent of other cosmological probes, because standard sirens are distance indicators based solely on general relativity. Detectors with enough sensitivity to enable this approach became operational in 2015. This research will fully exploit the novel datasets as multi-messenger probes for cosmology using DES/DECam data, making a measurement of the expansion rate with 3-5% (statistical) uncertainty by 2022, and enabling percent-level precision with future data from facilities like the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将对宇宙膨胀率进行精确测量。 该混合计划具有机会目标跟踪部分和调查部分。 该调查将战略性地覆盖许多黑洞事件的感兴趣区域。 它将收集引力波触发的中子星合并事件样本和黑洞合并样本，其中潜在的宿主星系已被编目。 宇宙膨胀率是现代宇宙学的一个关键参数。 目前，局部测量与宇宙微波背景研究的结果之间存在着紧张关系，这激发了人们对改进的独立可观测量的追求：长期以来，人们一直提出引力波就是其中之一。 这项工作涵盖了两种这样的替代方案。 扩大研究对整个社会的影响需要与来自不同背景的受众进行有效的沟通，包括目前在 STEM 领域代表性不足的大学前青少年。 研究人员将利用布兰代斯科学传播实验室的基础设施，与高中合作，重点关注代表性不足的群体。这项研究使用了美国国家科学基金会位于智利的布兰科 4 米望远镜上的暗能量相机 (DECam) 的全部可用数据，包括作为暗能量勘测 (DES) 一部分拍摄的图像，以及非 DES DECam 图像。 它还将使用来自另一个 NSF 设施激光干涉引力波天文台 LIGO 的数据。 使用的方法包括适合中子星合并样本的哈勃图以及黑洞事件的统计暗警报分析。 这是一种独立于其他宇宙学探测器的新方法，因为标准警报器是完全基于广义相对论的距离指示器。 具有足够灵敏度以实现这种方法的探测器于 2015 年投入运行。这项研究将充分利用新的数据集作为使用 DES/DECam 数据进行宇宙学的多信使探测器，以 3-5%（统计）不确定性测量膨胀率到 2022 年，并通过大型综合巡天望远镜等设施的未来数据实现百分比级精度。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

First Measurement of the Hubble Constant from a Dark Standard Siren using the Dark Energy Survey Galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo Binary–Black-hole Merger GW170814

使用暗能量巡天星系和 LIGO/处女座双星——黑洞合并 GW170814 首次测量暗标准海妖的哈勃常数

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab14f1
• 发表时间: 2019-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Soares;Palmese, A.;Hartley, W.;Annis, J.;Garcia;Lahav, O.;Doctor, Z.;Fishbach, M.;Holz, D. E.;Lin, H.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Optical follow-up of gravitational wave triggers with DECam during the first two LIGO/VIRGO observing runs

在前两次 LIGO/VIRGO 观测运行期间使用 DECam 对引力波触发进行光学跟踪

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ascom.2020.100425
• 发表时间: 2020-01-17
• 期刊: Astron. Comput.
• 作者: K. Herner;J. Annis;E. Berger;D. Brout;R. Butler;H. Chen;P. Cowperthwaite;H. Diehl;Zoheyr Doctor;A. Drlica;B. Farr;D. Finley;J. Frieman;D. Holz;R. Kessler;Huan Lin;J. Marriner;E. Nielsen;A. Palmese;M. Sako;M. Soares;F. Sobreira;B. Yanny
• 通讯作者: B. Yanny

The Gravity Collective: A Search for the Electromagnetic Counterpart to the Neutron Star–Black Hole Merger GW190814

引力集体：寻找中子星的电磁对应物——黑洞合并 GW190814

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac23c6
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Kilpatrick, Charles D.;Coulter, David A.;Arcavi, Iair;Brink, Thomas G.;Dimitriadis, Georgios;Filippenko, Alexei V.;Foley, Ryan J.;Howell, D. Andrew;Jones, David O.;Kasen, Daniel;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

A Statistical Standard Siren Measurement of the Hubble Constant from the LIGO/Virgo Gravitational Wave Compact Object Merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey Galaxies

LIGO/Virgo 引力波致密天体合并 GW190814 和暗能量巡天星系哈勃常数的统计标准警报测量

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abaeff
• 发表时间: 2020-06-25
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: A. Palmese;J. DeVicente;M. Pereira;J. Annis;W. Hartley;K. Herner;M. Soares;M. Crocce
• 通讯作者: M. Crocce

Constraints on the Physical Properties of GW190814 through Simulations Based on DECam Follow-up Observations by the Dark Energy Survey

基于暗能量巡天 DECam 后续观测的模拟对 GW190814 物理性质的约束

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abafaa
• 发表时间: 2020-06-12
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: R. Morgan;M. Soares;J. Annis;K. Herner;A. Garcia;A. Palmese;A. Drlica;R. Kessler
• 通讯作者: R. Kessler