NNA Track 1: Rain on Snow and Extreme Precipitation Events across the Arctic and their Impacts on Social-Ecological Systems

NNA 第 1 轨道：北极地区的雨雪和极端降水事件及其对社会生态系统的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1928230
负责人：
Mark Serreze
金额：
$ 299.76万
依托单位：
University of Colorado at Boulder
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-15 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1928230&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NNA Track Rain Snow Extreme

项目摘要

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. The Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, and integrates the co-production of knowledge. This award fulfills part of that aim. Rain on Snow (ROS) and extreme precipitation events have significant impacts on Arctic wildlife, livestock, and the communities that depend on these resources for subsistence. The icy crusts that form after ROS events and deep snow can interfere with travel and searching for food. ROS events have been linked to massive die-offs of reindeer and caribou. Polar bear and ringed seal populations are also affected--rains early in the breeding season destroy dens built under the snow and increase cub/pup mortality. The purpose of this study is to better understand the frequency and cause of ROS and extreme precipitation events across the Arctic, how their frequency and severity are changing as the Arctic warms, and their social-ecological impacts. With a primary focus on hunting and reindeer herding livelihoods, this study involves close collaborations with Indigenous hunters and herders. ROS and extreme precipitation events will be detected using various types of satellite data, weather data from atmospheric re-analyses, and surface observations. Indigenous hunters and herders will be engaged through extensive local observing, interviews, group discussions, and participatory workshops to validate the detection algorithms, and to assess effects of ROS and extreme precipitation events on wildlife and community activities. Similarly, the project will partner with reindeer herders to better understand implications for modern tundra reindeer nomadism and mortality episodes significant enough to have entered the oral record. Expert systems models will be developed to assess how ROS and extreme precipitation events impact wildlife, migratory reindeer herding, hunting, and other community activities in terms of event timing, geographic scale, snow/land cover, and existing community practices. A Data and Knowledge Hub, serving as the project website and a resource on the state of knowledge regarding Arctic ROS and extreme precipitation events and their impacts, will become the project's extension to the US Arctic Observing Network. The project also closely connects with the NSF ELOKA (Exchange for Local Observations and Knowledge of the Arctic) project, and long-time/on-going research collaboration with Inuit hunters, communities across Northern Alaska, and applied community-based ecological research in Lapland and Russia.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

NSF的10个大创意之一是导航新北极（NNA）。 NNA项目应对北极快速变化的融合科学挑战。需要进行北极研究，以告知国家，较大地区和全球的经济，安全和弹性。 NNA赋予从本地量表到国际规模的新研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，并整合了知识的共同生产。该奖项实现了该目标的一部分。雪（ROS）和极端降水事件上的降雨对北极野生动植物，牲畜以及依赖这些资源的生存的社区产生了重大影响。在ROS事件和深雪后形成的冰壳会干扰旅行和寻找食物。 ROS事件与驯鹿和驯鹿的大量死亡有关。北极熊和环形密封种群也受到影响 - 在繁殖季节的早期，会破坏在雪下建造的巢穴，并增加幼崽/幼崽的死亡率。这项研究的目的是更好地理解ROS和北极极端降水事件的频率和原因，它们的频率和严重程度随着北极的温暖以及它们的社会生态影响如何变化。这项研究主要着重于狩猎和驯鹿放牧生计，涉及与土著猎人和牧民的密切合作。 ROS和极端降水事件将使用各种类型的卫星数据，大气重新分析的天气数据以及表面观测来检测。土著猎人和牧民将通过广泛的当地观察，访谈，小组讨论和参与式研讨会来参与，以验证检测算法，并评估ROS和极端降水事件对野生动植物和社区活动的影响。同样，该项目将与驯鹿牧民合作，以更好地理解对现代苔原驯鹿游牧和死亡率情节的影响，足以进入口头记录。将开发专家系统模型，以评估ROS和极端降水事件如何影响野生动植物，迁徙驯鹿放牧，狩猎和其他社区活动，以事件时机，地理规模，雪/土地覆盖和现有社区实践影响。数据和知识中心充当项目网站以及有关北极ROS和极端降水事件及其影响的知识状态的资源，将成为该项目向美国北极观察网络的扩展。该项目还与NSF Eloka（交流了北极的当地观察和知识）项目，以及与因纽特人猎人，阿拉斯加北部的社区的长期/正在进行的研究合作，以及在拉普兰和俄罗斯应用社区的生态研究。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务和审查的范围，这表明了综述的范围，这是通过评估的范围来弥补的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Synoptic Climatology of Rain-on-Snow Events in Alaska

DOI：
10.1175/mwr-d-19-0311.1
发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
Monthly Weather Review
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze
通讯作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze

Innovation exceeds fear of climate change in Greenland

格陵兰岛的创新战胜了对气候变化的恐惧

DOI：
10.1038/s41558-023-01714-4
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Nature Climate Change
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Forbes, Bruce C.;Stammler, Florian
通讯作者：
Stammler, Florian

The Yamal Nenets’ traditional and contemporary environmental knowledge of snow, ice, and permafrost

亚马尔涅涅茨人关于雪、冰和永久冻土的传统和当代环境知识

DOI：
10.5751/es-14353-280306
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Ecology and Society
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Laptander, Roza
通讯作者：
Laptander, Roza

Characteristics of extreme daily precipitation events over the Canadian Arctic

加拿大北极地区极端日降水事件的特征

DOI：
10.1002/joc.7907
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
International Journal of Climatology
影响因子：
0
作者：
Serreze, Mark C.;Voveris, Jessica;Barrett, Andrew P.;Fox, Shari;Blanken, Peter D.;Crawford, Alex
通讯作者：
Crawford, Alex

Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts

北极雨雪事件：通过观察了解环境和生计影响

DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ac269b
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Environmental Research Letters
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Serreze, Mark C;Gustafson, Julia;Barrett, Andrew P;Druckenmiller, Matthew L;Fox, Shari;Voveris, Jessica;Stroeve, Julienne;Sheffield, Betsy;Forbes, Bruce C;Rasmus, Sirpa
通讯作者：
Rasmus, Sirpa