Collaborative Research: Cestode phylogeny and genomics

合作研究：绦虫系统发育和基因组学

基本信息

批准号：
1921404
负责人：
Janine Caira
金额：
$ 121万
依托单位：
University of Connecticut
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1921404&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Cestode phylogeny genomics

项目摘要

Tapeworms are parasites that include numerous species of medial and veterinary importance in mammals as well as thousands of species that parasitize essentially all other groups of vertebrate animals. Yet, we know little about the evolution of the major groups of tapeworms. Not only does this hamper our ability to treat tapeworm infections of medical and veterinary importance, but it also limits the use of tapeworms as model parasite systems to help expand our understanding of food web connections and ecosystem health, and to help inform fisheries management practices. This project aims to generate the molecular and morphological data required to substantially expand our understanding of the evolution of tapeworms. In doing so, it will transform tapeworms and their vertebrate hosts into one of the best known host/parasite systems globally, allowing this system to reach its full potential. The training provided to undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral researchers will equip them with transferable STEM skills. Furthermore, information about tapeworms will be made publicly available on-line to diverse audiences of all ages by creating a key to the major tapeworm groups, developing an e-book version of a children's book on tapeworms, and building upon an existing global cestode database. A recent global survey has identified tapeworm lineages hosted by sharks and rays as central to the diversification of the Cestoda. This class currently comprises 19 orders. Preliminary phylogenetic work suggests that the current ordinal classification of the class substantially underestimates lineage diversity, especially within the groups of elasmobranch-hosted cestodes. The proposed work aims to provide a robust phylogeny of the class based on targeted gene capture of 738 loci for 960 species of tapeworms. Cestode higher-level classification will be revised to reflect monophyletic groups, informed by new morphological and molecular data. The generation of complete genomes for 20 species spanning the approximately 200-million year gap between the cestodes of medical and veterinary importance for which such data are currently available will provide insight into patterns of taxon-specific gene family evolution across cestodes. Genomic analyses have been designed to take advantage of the multiple independent transitions between marine and non-marine habitats, elasmobranch and non-elasmobranch definitive hosts, and invertebrate and vertebrate final intermediate hosts that have occurred over evolutionary time to identify signatures of parallel evolution. Such signatures are anticipated to provide valuable insight into environmental factors that may have played a role in the evolution of parasite systems with complex life cycles.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

tape虫是寄生虫，其中包括哺乳动物的许多内侧和兽医重要性，以及成千上万种基本所有其他脊椎动物群的寄生物种。但是，我们对主要tape虫的发展知之甚少。这不仅阻碍了我们治疗医学和兽医重要性感染的tape虫感染的能力，而且还限制了将tape虫用作模型寄生虫系统的使用，以帮助扩大我们对食物网络连接和生态系统健康的理解，并帮助渔业管理实践告知我们。该项目旨在生成所需的分子和形态数据，以实质上扩展我们对tape虫的发展的理解。这样一来，它将在全球范围内将Tapeworms及其脊椎动物宿主转变为最著名的宿主/寄生虫系统之一，从而使该系统具有全部潜力。提供给本科，研究生和博士后研究人员的培训将使他们具备可转移的STEM技能。此外，通过为主要的TapeWorm群体创建钥匙，开发了有关TapeWorms的儿童书籍的电子书版本，并在现有的全球Cestode数据库中建立一本电子书版本，从而在线向各个年龄段的受众提供有关tape虫的信息。最近的一项全球调查确定，鲨鱼和射线托管的Tapeworm Lineages是Cestoda多样化的核心。该课程目前包括19个订单。初步的系统发育工作表明，当前的类别的序数分类显着低估了谱系的多样性，尤其是在弹性托管的组中。拟议的工作旨在基于对960种tape虫的738个基因座的靶向基因捕获的靶向基因捕获提供强大的系统发育。 CESTODE高级分类将进行修订，以反映新形态学和分子数据所示的单系组。跨越20种物种的完整基因组的产生，跨越了约1亿年的医学和兽医重要性之间的差距，目前可用的数据将提供对跨Cestodes的分类群特异性基因家族进化的模式的洞察力。已经设计了基因组分析，以利用海洋和非海洋栖息地之间的多个独立过渡，弹性骨间和非伊源性分支确定性宿主，以及无脊椎动物和脊椎动物最终中间宿主，这些宿主已经发生了超过进化时间，以识别平行进化的标志。预计此类签名将为环境因素提供有价值的见解，这些因素可能在具有复杂生命周期的寄生虫系统的演变中发挥了作用。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来获得支持。