Function and regulation of the mitochondrial membrane fusion machinery

线粒体膜融合机制的功能和调节

基本信息

批准号：
23814352
负责人：
Professor Dr. Benedikt Westermann
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe für Zellbiologie und Elektronenmikroskopie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2005-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/23814352?language=en
关键词：
Function regulation mitochondrial membrane fusion

项目摘要

Mitochondria are amazingly dynamic organelles of eukaryotic cells. In many cell types, they continuously move along cytoskeletal tracks and frequently fuse and divide. Mitochondrial dynamics is critical for cell life or death, because it plays a key role in the initiation of the programmed cell death pathway (apoptosis), and mitochondrial fusion constitutes a defence mechanism against cellular aging. The molecular machinery mediating mitochondrial fusion and fission has been highly conserved during evolution. Thus, it can be conveniently studied in simple model organisms, such as yeasts and filamentous fungi. During the past few years, three components of the core machinery mediating mitochondrial fusion and two regulatory factors have been identified in yeast. However, the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial membrane fusion are only poorly understood, and given the complexity of this process additional yet unknown factors likely exist. The proposed project is aimed at the functional characterization of the known proteins of the mitochondrial fusion machinery of yeast and Neurospora crassa employing established and novel in vivo and in vitro assays. Furthermore, the identification and functional characterization of novel components in yeast will help to understand the complex process of mitochondrial double membrane fusion at a molecular level.

线粒体是真核细胞的动态细胞器。在许多细胞类型中，它们沿细胞骨架轨道不断移动，并经常融合和分裂。线粒体动力学对于细胞生命或死亡至关重要，因为它在编程细胞死亡途径（凋亡）的启动中起着关键作用，线粒体融合构成了针对细胞衰老的防御机制。在进化过程中，介导线粒体融合和裂变的分子机械介导了。因此，可以在简单的模型生物（例如酵母和丝状真菌）中方便地研究它。在过去的几年中，在酵母中鉴定了介导线粒体融合的核心机械介导的三个组成部分和两个调节因素。然而，线粒体膜融合的分子机制仅被鲜为人知，并且鉴于该过程的复杂性可能存在更多但未知因素。拟议的项目旨在使用既定且新颖的体内和体外测定法新颖的酵母和神经孢子的线粒体融合机制的已知蛋白质表征。此外，酵母中新型成分的鉴定和功能表征将有助于了解分子水平上线粒体双膜融合的复杂过程。