Collaborative Research: Leveraging a Solvent Toolkit for Doping and Characterizing Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

合作研究：利用溶剂工具包进行混合钙钛矿太阳能电池的掺杂和表征

• 批准号: 1906492
• 负责人: Wilhelmus Geerts
• 金额: $ 20.05万
• 依托单位: Texas State University - San Marcos
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1906492&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Leveraging; Solvent; Toolkit

Nontechnical:Solar cells are instrumental to efforts to develop environmentally friendly power sources. Solar cells based on hybrid organic/inorganic materials have achieved performance levels comparable to commercial devices. Properties such as low-cost processing and flexibility make them an attractive alternative to silicon. However, improving the performance of hybrid solar cells has been limited by current fabrication and characterization strategies. The PIs have shown that these materials can be electrochemically doped by a liquid without dissolving them. This liquid approach yields a toolkit that can be used to measure and enhance intrinsic electrical properties. This liquid toolkit will be used to modify and enhance hybrid solar cells. The PIs will identify promising materials combinations for hybrid solar cells by computer modeling. Thin films will be prepared, characterized, and optimized for solar cells. Hybrid solar cells will be fabricated and characterized for solar power conversion and stability. Additional studies will identify causes of degradation. These efforts will further the potential of hybrid solar cells to transform the solar energy landscape. The proposed effort will involve education and outreach activities to broaden participation of underrepresented groups, engage the public, and train the next generation of scientists and engineers in renewable energy. Texas State University is a Hispanic Serving Institution. The proposed project will leverage this talent pool to increase diversity in research and STEM education.Technical:The PIs will electrically dope and characterize hybrid perovskite (HP) thin films and solar cell devices using a recently-developed solvent toolkit. This solvent toolkit is based on a hydrofluoroether (HFE) solvent system that is nondestructive to HPs and permits electrochemical characterization and modification of HP thin films. To produce p and n doped devices of favorable electrical and optical performance, the project team will utilize three approaches to identify optimal device compositions from the wide range of possible devices afforded by the solvent toolkit technique. To characterize the broad potential experimental landscape, numerical modeling with density functional theory (DFT) will be performed, identifying favorable doping mixtures. Subsequently, electrochemical study of thin HP films in HFE electrolytes will be performed to experimentally achieve doping effects such as improved conductivity and new energy levels. Finally, HP solar cells will be fabricated from doping strategies motivated by electrochemical study, and carefully characterized for efficiency, structure and stability. More specifically, we will utilize DFT with Hubbard correction and spin-orbital coupling to investigate the effects of different ionic dopants on the band structure, bandgap, doping energy levels, loss of inversion symmetry, Rashba effect, spin texture, electron-phonon coupling, and quantum confinement of HP materials. Electrochemical (EC) doping will be accomplished in HFE solvents with chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry and characterized with cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with custom multiplexed chips. HP solar cell devices will be fabricated from films doped by HFE processing and tested for efficiency and lifetime metrics. We will subsequently investigate how the EC doping of HP films affects device performance and stability while the device is being stressed with light and temperature cycles. We will correlate changes in HP-PV device parameters (power conversion efficiency, short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, filling factor, hysteresis, etc.) with structural, chemical, and optical properties as the device undergoes controlled aging in the air-free atmosphere.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术性：太阳能电池有助于开发环保电源。基于有机/无机混合材料的太阳能电池已达到与商业设备相当的性能水平。低成本加工和灵活性等特性使其成为硅的有吸引力的替代品。然而，混合太阳能电池性能的提高受到当前制造和表征策略的限制。 PI 表明，这些材料可以通过液体进行电化学掺杂，而不会溶解它们。这种液体方法产生了一个可用于测量和增强固有电特性的工具包。该液体工具包将用于修改和增强混合太阳能电池。 PI 将通过计算机建模确定用于混合太阳能电池的有前景的材料组合。将为太阳能电池制备、表征和优化薄膜。将制造混合太阳能电池并对其太阳能转换和稳定性进行表征。进一步的研究将确定降解的​​原因。这些努力将进一步发挥混合太阳能电池改变太阳能格局的潜力。拟议的工作将涉及教育和外展活动，以扩大代表性不足群体的参与，吸引公众参与，并培训下一代可再生能源科学家和工程师。德克萨斯州立大学是一所西班牙裔服务机构。拟议项目将利用这一人才库来增加研究和 STEM 教育的多样性。技术：PI 将使用最近开发的溶剂工具包对混合钙钛矿 (HP) 薄膜和太阳能电池器件进行电掺杂和表征。该溶剂工具包基于氢氟醚 (HFE) 溶剂系统，该系统对 HP 无损，并允许对 HP 薄膜进行电化学表征和改性。为了生产具有良好电学和光学性能的 p 和 n 掺杂器件，项目团队将利用三种方法从溶剂工具包技术提供的各种可能器件中确定最佳器件成分。为了表征广泛的潜在实验前景，将使用密度泛函理论（DFT）进行数值建模，以确定有利的掺杂混合物。随后，将对 HFE 电解质中的 HP 薄膜进行电化学研究，以通过实验实现掺杂效果，例如提高电导率和新的能级。最后，HP太阳能电池将通过电化学研究激发的掺杂策略来制造，并仔细表征其效率、结构和稳定性。更具体地说，我们将利用具有哈伯德校正和自旋轨道耦合的DFT来研究不同离子掺杂剂对能带结构、带隙、掺杂能级、反演对称性损失、Rashba效应、自旋织构、电子声子耦合的影响，以及 HP 材料的量子限制。电化学 (EC) 掺杂将在 HFE 溶剂中通过计时电位法和计时电流法完成，并通过循环伏安法、方波伏安法和定制多路复用芯片的电化学阻抗谱进行表征。 HP 太阳能电池设备将由经过 HFE 处理的掺杂薄膜制成，并测试效率和寿命指标。随后，我们将研究当器件受到光和温度循环的压力时，HP 薄膜的 EC 掺杂如何影响器件性能和稳定性。当器件在空气中进行受控老化时，我们将把 HP-PV 器件参数（功率转换效率、短路电流、开路电压、填充因子、磁滞等）的变化与结构、化学和光学特性相关联-自由的氛围。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Temperature‐ and Bias‐Dependent Degradation and Regeneration of Perovskite Solar Cells with Organic and Inorganic Hole Transport Layers

• DOI: 10.1002/pssa.202000721
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: physica status solidi (a)
• 作者: C. Swartz;N. Khakurel;S. Najar;M. I. Hossain;A. Zakhidov

Slot-die coating of formamidinium-cesium mixed halide perovskites in ambient conditions with FAAc additive

• DOI: 10.1557/s43579-024-00522-x
• 发表时间: 2024-02
• 期刊: MRS Communications
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: N. Khakurel;Drew Amyx;Maggie Yihong Chen;Yoichi Miyahara;W. Geerts

Fabricate anti-solvent free tin-lead based perovskite solar cells with MAAc additives

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2634371
• 发表时间: 2022-01-01
• 期刊: ORGANIC, HYBRID, AND PEROVSKITE PHOTOVOLTAICS XXIII
• 作者: Howlader, C. Q.;Mishra, B.;Chen, M.
• 通讯作者: Chen, M.

Determining the refractive index and the dielectric constant of PPDT2FBT thin film using spectroscopic ellipsometry

使用光谱椭圆光度法测定 PPDT2FBT 薄膜的折射率和介电常数

• DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2020.110445
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Optical Materials
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Howlader, Chandan;Hasan, Mehedhi;Zakhidov, Alex;Chen, Maggie Yihong
• 通讯作者: Chen, Maggie Yihong

Selection of hole transport layer for Pb-Sn binary perovskite solar cells

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2678004
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 作者: C. Howlader;W. Geerts;Maggie Chen