Development of a High-Speed and Full-Disk Polarimeter for Solar Synoptic Observations

用于太阳天气观测的高速全盘旋光仪的开发

• 批准号: 1906166
• 负责人: Deqing Ren
• 金额: $ 33.47万
• 依托单位: The University Corporation, Northridge
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1906166&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Speed; Full; Disk; Polarimeter

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) from the Sun are key causes of space weather and solar storms. Such storms can damage satellites, disrupt radio communications and create blackouts of electricity power grids. Studying the origins of these events requires astronomical observations of the Sun, and measurements of polarization across the solar disk. Conventional ground-based astronomical observations cannot reliably measure such polarizations because the atmosphere of the Earth changes from time to time. This project will develop a novel high-speed polarimetry system that effectively freezes the atmospheric perturbations. Resulting polarization measurements will enable studying the solar magnetic fields that govern CMEs. This solar polarimetry system will have a broad scientific impact. Full polarization images at high-speed over the full solar disk on an all-day basis are highly needed by the scientific community. They will benefit society by enabling improved understanding of space weather. California State University, Northridge is an eligible Research in Undergraduate Institution (RUI) as well as a minority serving institution. The instrument developed here will serve as a long-term platform to support the training and research of minority and other students in their early scientific careers.Solar CMEs are often associated with pre-existing prominences. The determination of the magnetic field in the solar chromosphere before, during, and after a CME event will enable understanding the conditions that trigger CMEs, and the magnetic field properties of the ejected material. This polarimetry system will consist of a telescope with a diameter at least 235mm, a tunable Fabry-Perot interferometer, a high-speed polarimeter, and a sCMOS camera. It will provide a large field of view that covers the entire solar disk and it will enable all-day observations. This system will provide the full polarization images in the H-alpha and He D3 lines to infer the chromospheric magnetic field in CME precursors, prominences, or whole active regions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

来自太阳的冠状质量弹出（CME）是太空天气和太阳风暴的主要原因。这样的暴风雨会损坏卫星，破坏无线电通信并产生电力电网的停电。研究这些事件的起源需要对太阳的天文观测，并在太阳能磁盘上测量极化。传统的基于地面的天文观测无法可靠地衡量这种极化，因为地球的大气会不时变化。该项目将开发出一种新型的高速极化系统，可有效冻结大气扰动。产生的极化测量将使研究控制CME的太阳磁场。这种太阳极化系统将产生广泛的科学影响。科学界高度需要在全天候高速上高速的完全极化图像。他们将通过改善对太空天气的了解，使社会受益。加利福尼亚州立大学，诺斯里奇是一项合格的本科机构（RUI）和少数派服务机构的研究。此处开发的工具将作为一个长期平台，以支持对早期科学职业的少数群体和其他学生的培训和研究。SolarCMES通常与现有的突出相关。在CME事件发生之前，期间和之后，在太阳能球层中测定磁场将使能够理解触发CMES的条件以及弹出材料的磁场特性。该偏振系统将由直径至少235mm的望远镜组成，可调式Fabry-Perot干涉仪，高速极性计和SCMOS摄像头。它将提供一个涵盖整个太阳能磁盘的巨大视野，并将实现全天观察。该系统将在H-Alpha中提供完整的极化图像，并在D3线上提供D3线，以推断CME前体，突出或整个主动区域中的色层磁场。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被视为值得通过使用评估的支持。基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

A High-Efficiency and High-Accuracy Polarimeter for Solar Magnetic Field Measurements

• DOI: 10.1007/s11207-020-01676-2
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Solar Physics
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: D. Ren;Zijian Han;Jing Guo

Global optimization-based reference star differential imaging for high-contrast exoplanet imaging survey

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab022
• 发表时间: 2021-02
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: D. Ren;Yili Chen

A low-cost and duplicable portable solar adaptive optics system based on LabVIEW hybrid programming

• DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psaa006
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 期刊: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: D. Ren;Gang Wang