2018 Hurricane Season: RAPID: Associated Priming of Carbon in the Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System (APES), the Mid-Atlantic Bight and Gulf Stream

2018 年飓风季节：快速：阿尔伯马尔-帕姆利科河口系统 (APES)、大西洋中湾和墨西哥湾流中的相关碳启动

• 批准号: 1902496
• 负责人: Siddhartha Mitra
• 金额: $ 10.15万
• 依托单位: East Carolina University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-11-01 至 2021-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1902496&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: 2018; Hurricane; Season; RAPID; Associated

In the early fall of 2018, two Atlantic hurricanes (Florence and Michael) deposited substantial amounts of rainfall in North Carolina. The Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System (APES), which was impacted by these storms, is the second largest estuary in the United States, receiving freshwater from the Coastal Plain region of North Carolina and bounded on its seaward side by the Outer Banks (OBX). The exchange of water and suspended materials between the APES and the Atlantic Ocean occurs through three inlets (Oregon, Hatteras, and Ocracoke Inlets). This proposed research explores the overarching hypothesis that extreme precipitation from the 2018 Hurricane Season flushed land-derived organic material and microbes into the APES and that material will be exported into the North Atlantic through the OBX inlets, and impact coastal ocean ecosystems. The project will support a graduate student and two undergraduates. The investigators will present a summary of this research and synopsis of the impacts from the 2018 Hurricane Season to the OBX coastal community through the "Science on the Sound" presentation series at the Coastal Studies Institute. The investigators propose two research questions to address their hypothesis: 1) will the pulse of the terrigenous dissolved organic matter and microbes from Florence and Michael change the regional Gulf Stream from a net sink to a net source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, and 2) will deposition of this elevated organic material and nutrients to the seabed seaward of the inlets, promote anaerobic and fermentation processes that will lead to algal blooms in surface waters adjacent to the Gulf Stream? Because marine dissolved organic matter is a highly complex and polydisperse mixture of different compounds, its priming and biodegradation resulting from the storms, even at rudimentary levels, may significantly affect coastal carbon cycling. Large uncertainties exist in the regional carbon budgets of North America. Intense rain events (as defined by the upper 0.3% of daily rain events) and Category 4 and 5 Atlantic hurricanes are predicted to increase in frequency in extratropical regions, globally. Also, the erosion and entrainment of the substantial amounts of land-derived organic matter, nutrients, and microbes, collectively contribute to broad spatial and temporal uncertainties in regional carbon budgets. This study will provide data reducing these uncertainties in the Atlantic seaboard, in an area adjacent to the Gulf Stream.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2018年秋初，两起大西洋飓风（佛罗伦萨和迈克尔）在北卡罗来纳州沉积了大量降雨。受这些风暴影响的Albemarle-Pamlico河口系统（APE）是美国的第二大河口，从北卡罗来纳州沿海平原地区接收淡水，并在其海边在外部岸边（OBX）界定。猿类和大西洋之间的水和悬浮物的交换是通过三个入口（俄勒冈州，哈特拉斯和ocracoke入口）发生的。这项拟议的研究探讨了以下总体假设：2018年飓风季节的极端降水将土地衍生的有机物质和微生物冲入猿猴中，该物质将通过OBX入口出口到北大西洋，并影响沿海海洋生态系统。该项目将支持研究生和两个大学生。调查人员将通过沿海研究所的“科学在声音上”演示文稿系列介绍这项研究和概要的摘要和概要。调查人员提出了两个研究问题来解决其假设：1）陆源解散有机物和佛罗伦萨和迈克尔的微生物的脉冲会从净水汇到二氧化碳的净来源到大气的净来源，而2）将证明这一高度的有机材料和繁殖的繁殖者，并促进了海底的范围。在墨西哥湾流附近的地表水中开花？由于海洋溶解的有机物是一种高度复杂的多分散化合物的混合物，因此即使在基本水平下，其启动和生物降解也可能显着影响沿海碳循环。北美地区碳预算中存在大量不确定性。强烈的降雨事件（如每日降雨事件的0.3％所定义）和第4类和5类大西洋飓风预计在全球范围内，在全球室外地区的频率会增加。此外，侵蚀和夹带了大量土地衍生的有机物，营养和微生物，共同促进了区域碳预算中广泛的空间和时间不确定性。这项研究将在大西洋沿海地区（与海湾流相邻的领域中减少这些不确定性的数据，这反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估标准的评估来支持的。