Geometric aspects of optical and transport phenomena in gapless topological phases

无间隙拓扑相中光学和传输现象的几何方面

• 批准号: 1853048
• 负责人: Dmytro Pesin
• 金额: $ 26.85万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-25 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1853048&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geometric; aspects; optical; transport; phenomena

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education on the interplay of geometry and topology with the quantum mechanics, and consequence for the optical and transport properties of materials. Unlike baseballs and other classical objects with motion described by trajectories, electrons in materials are described quantum mechanically by mathematical wave functions. The study of wave functions of systems of many electrons reveals distinct classes leading to a new classification of electronic phases of matter - one that goes beyond the usual classifications based, for example, on the states of aggregation, or on the existence of macroscopic order, like magnetization. These kinds of electronic phases are referred to as topologically, or more broadly, geometrically nontrivial. In this project, the PI aims to bridge the gap between the pure classification of electronic phases and the physical properties of the phases. The PI will focus on developing theory to describe the materials' optical and transport properties, for example, how well the material can conduct electricity or reflect light. The PI will investigate various optical and transport properties in chiral materials.The research is focused on topological phases in chiral materials. A chiral material has a "handedness", so it is distinct from its mirror image. Chirality may arise because of the way the atoms are arranged in the crystal, or induced by external perturbations, like electromagnetic fields, or strain. Regardless of its origin, chirality strongly affects the quantum mechanical behavior of electrons in a material, and so, its experimentally measurable and technologically relevant properties. Examples include magnetization induced by an electron current, and rotation of the plane of transmitted or reflected polarized light. This award also supports educational and training activities, aimed at improving the STEM education in the state of Utah. The primary effort will be directed at the supervision of summer research of high school physics teachers; creation of an extracurricular club for high school students, aimed at introducing its members to collaborative solving of research-type problems in physics; implementation of modern teaching techniques with particular focus on creating an inclusive environment for students from underrepresented groups. Further integration of the research and educational activities will be accomplished through supervision of graduate and undergraduate research, and establishing a journal club for graduate students.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports theoretical research and education on optical and transport properties of materials with nontrivial band geometry. The objective of this proposal is to provide theoretical insights into electrodynamic, hydrodynamic, and transport properties of disordered gapless topological phases, and to develop new theoretical approaches that would help reveal various geometric aspects of electron behavior in experiment. The research involves three main directions, integrated into an effort aimed at understanding optical and transport phenomena in gapless systems:1. Nonlocal electrodynamics and electron hydrodynamics of gapless topological phases, including the theory of chiral electron hydrodynamics and the chiral vortical effect in crystals. One focus will be on the study of the anomalous Hall effect in the hydrodynamic regime.2. Theory of nonlocal transport in disordered chiral metals. The activity will include a study of the extrinsic contributions to the dynamic chiral magnetic effect; investigation of nonperturbative instanton physics in disordered Dirac systems; development of nonlocal transport theory in nonuniform and strained topological systems.3. Nonlinear optical and magneto-optical phenomena in nonequilibrium states of Weyl and Dirac metals. The study will focus on the topological aspects of nonlinear phenomena in Weyl systems, including topological mechanisms of magneto-photovoltaic effect in Weyl semimetals, and building the theory of current-induced magneto-optical phenomena in metals with nontrivial band geometry.The research will be carried out using a wide spectrum of techniques: quantum kinetic equation for multi-band systems, field-theoretic approaches to itinerant disordered systems, numerical modelling, and ab initio studies. This award also supports educational and training activities, aimed at improving the STEM education in the state of Utah. The primary effort will be directed at the supervision of summer research of high school physics teachers; creation of an extracurricular club for high school students, aimed at introducing its members to collaborative solving of research-type problems in physics; implementation of modern teaching techniques with particular focus on creating an inclusive environment for students from underrepresented groups. Further integration of the research and educational activities will be accomplished through supervision of graduate and undergraduate research, and establishing a journal club for graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要这一奖项支持理论研究和教育几何学和拓扑与量子力学的相互作用，以及对材料的光学和运输特性的后果。与通过轨迹描述的运动描述的棒球和其他经典对象不同，材料中的电子用数学波函数机械地描述了量子。对许多电子系统的波函​​数的研究揭示了不同的类别的不同类别，从而导致了物质电子相的新分类 - 它超出了基于通常基于聚合状态或宏观秩序（例如磁化）的常规阶段。这些类型的电子相在拓扑或更广泛的几何不平地上称为。在这个项目中，PI旨在弥合电子相的纯分类与相物的物理特性之间的差距。 PI将着重于开发理论，以描述材料的光学和传输特性，例如，材料能够如何传导或反射光。 PI将研究手性材料中的各种光学和运输特性。该研究的重点是手性材料的拓扑阶段。手性材料具有“手工”，因此它与镜像不同。手性可能是由于原子在晶体中排列的方式，或者是由外部扰动（如电磁场）或应变引起的。无论其起源如何，手性都会强烈影响材料中电子的量子机械行为，因此，其实验可测量的和技术相关的特性。示例包括由电子电流诱导的磁化以及传输或反射的偏振光平面的旋转。该奖项还支持教育和培训活动，旨在改善犹他州的STEM教育。主要的努力将针对高中物理老师夏季研究的监督；为高中生创建一个课外俱乐部，旨在向其成员介绍物理学研究类型问题的合作解决；实施现代教学技术，尤其着重于为来自代表性不足的群体的学生创造包容性环境。研究和教育活动的进一步整合将通过对研究生和本科研究的监督，并为研究生建立期刊俱乐部。技术摘要本奖支持具有非平凡乐队几何形状的材料的光学和运输属性的理论研究和教育。该提案的目的是提供理论上的见解，以了解无序无间隙拓扑阶段的电动力学，流体动力和运输特性，并开发新的理论方法，这些方法将有助于揭示实验中电子行为的各种几何方面。该研究涉及三个主要方向，旨在努力理解无间隙系统中的光学和运输现象：1。无间隙拓扑阶段的非局部电动力学和电子流体力学，包括手性电子流体动力学理论和晶体中的手性涡旋效应。一个重点将放在流体动力学状态中异常霍尔效应的研究上。2。无序金属中非局部运输的理论。该活动将包括对动态手性磁效应的外在贡献的研究；调查无效的狄拉克系统中的非视扰性物理学；非局部运输理论在非均匀和紧张的拓扑系统中的发展3。 Weyl和Dirac金属的非平衡状态中的非线性光学和磁光学现象。 这项研究将重点关注Weyl系统中非线性现象的拓扑方面，包括磁电旋转效应在Weyl半学中的拓扑机制，并构建在金属中具有非繁琐的磁性几何形状的金属中电流诱导的磁光现象的理论。该研究将在远程范围内进行综合量的范围。巡回无序系统，数值建模和从头算研究。该奖项还支持教育和培训活动，旨在改善犹他州的STEM教育。主要的努力将针对高中物理老师夏季研究的监督；为高中生创建一个课外俱乐部，旨在向其成员介绍物理学研究类型问题的合作解决；实施现代教学技术，尤其着重于为来自代表性不足的群体的学生创造包容性环境。研究和教育活动的进一步整合将通过监督研究生和本科研究，并为研究生建立期刊俱乐部。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Two-Particle Collisional Coordinate Shifts and Hydrodynamic Anomalous Hall Effect in Systems without Lorentz Invariance

无洛伦兹不变性系统中的两粒子碰撞坐标移动和流体动力学反常霍尔效应

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.226601
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Pesin, D. A.

Superfluid-insulator transition and the BEC-BCS crossover in the Rashba moat band

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.99.104505
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Physical Review B
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Hassan Allami;O. Starykh;D. Pesin

Chiral Magnetic Effect of Hot Electrons

热电子的手性磁效应

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.266601
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Nandy, S.;Pesin, D. A.
• 通讯作者: Pesin, D. A.

Low-energy effective theory and anomalous Hall effect in monolayer $\mathrm{WTe}_2$

• DOI: 10.21468/scipostphys.12.4.120
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: SciPost Physics
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: S. Nandy;D. Pesin

Determination of the Spin Axis in Quantum Spin Hall Insulator Candidate Monolayer WTe2

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.11.041034
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Physical Review X
• 影响因子: 12.5
• 作者: Wenxuan Zhao;E. Runburg;Z. Fei;J. Mutch;P. Malinowski;Bosong Sun;Xiong Huang;D. Pesin