RII Track-4 Biomass Burning Aerosols in the U.S. Southwest: Hygroscopic Properties from Emissions to Aging

美国西南部的 RII Track-4 生物质燃烧气溶胶：从排放到老化的吸湿特性

• 批准号: 1832813
• 负责人: Christian Carrico
• 金额: $ 19.68万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832813&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Biomass; Burning; Aerosols

Nontechnical DescriptionWildland fire is an increasing global issue and particularly urgent in the western U.S. Due in part to continued increasing temperatures and drought in the nation, the average U.S. acreage burned in wildfires has increased by approximately a factor of 2 since the year 2000 in comparison with the time range of 1960-2000. Beyond tragic loss of life and property associated with extreme events of the past two decades, wildfire trends also prompt growing concerns with health impacts from biomass smoke. Notably, the high concentration of particulate matter, also known as aerosols is of particular concern for human health effects, atmospheric visibility impacts, and the planetary radiation budget. Smoke aerosols are highly diverse in terms of their size, chemical composition, shape and optical properties. This research examines these properties in laboratory combustion experiments using relevant fuels as well as ambient measurements of smoke aerosols. A particular focus is how these particles interact with atmospheric relative humidity, which changes these optical properties. In the end, parameters measured here are important to understanding the magnitude and extent of smoke impacts; these are also key inputs needed in computer models that predict smoke impacts on air quality and the climate system. The study under this fellowship will allow unparalleled opportunities for the career advancement of the PI and a student.Technical DescriptionBiomass burning aerosols increasingly degrade global air quality and remain poorly constrained with respect to climate effects. The Southwestern U.S. lacks detailed measurements of fundamental smoke properties for relevant fuels, for both endemic and invasive species. This project addresses these gaps with laboratory experiments on biomass burning emissions with a focus on aerosol water uptake, or hygroscopicity. The research focuses on laboratory aerosol measurements of biomass smoke?from emission to aging exploring the dynamics between aerosol hygroscopicity, optical properties, and chemical composition. Specific goals of this research are: (1) Explore the connection of aerosol hygroscopicity to fuels and soils, (2) Refine a new technique for measuring humidity dependence of aerosol light extinction using the Cavity Attenuated Phase Shift-Single Scattering Albedo (CAPS-SSA) method, (3) Use other advanced aerosol measurement techniques to describe a framework that drives smoke aerosol properties. An array of techniques will be employed to provide unique insights to biomass smoke microphysical properties. These include several contributed by New Mexico Tech (controlled RH nephelometry, multi-wavelength nephelometry, and a photoacoustic extinctiometer) that will be combined with resources at Los Alamos National Lab (LANL). The latter includes photoacoustic spectrometry, particle size distribution methods, and advanced aerosol techniques such as aerosol mass spectrometry and a photochemical aging reactor. A main collaborative task is the development of a new instrument, a humidified CAPS-SSA. In conjunction with traditional humidity controlled nephelometry, this will allow probing of the RH dependence of light absorption and SSA. The latter determines whether aerosols cause a net cooling or warming impact. This study also includes analysis of plants and soils to determine key drivers of hygroscopicity. Ultimately, the results enable development of a predictive framework of key aerosol properties from smoke, fuel, and soils composition, combustion properties and aging. Wildfire trends as well as the Southwest U.S. region's changing forest ecosystems, a hydrological connection, and scarce data in this region make this an important topic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述野火是一个日益严重的全球性问题，在美国西部尤为紧迫。部分原因是全国气温持续升高和干旱，自 2000 年以来，美国野火烧毁面积平均增加了约 2 倍。时间范围为1960-2000年。 除了过去二十年极端事件造成的悲惨生命和财产损失之外，野火趋势还引发了人们对生物质烟雾对健康影响的日益关注。 值得注意的是，高浓度的颗粒物（也称为气溶胶）对人类健康影响、大气能见度影响和行星辐射预算尤其令人担忧。 烟雾气溶胶在尺寸、化学成分、形状和光学特性方面高度多样化。 这项研究在使用相关燃料的实验室燃烧实验以及烟雾气溶胶的环境测量中检查了这些特性。 特别关注的是这些颗粒如何与大气相对湿度相互作用，从而改变这些光学特性。 最后，这里测量的参数对于了解烟雾影响的大小和程度非常重要；这些也是预测烟雾对空气质量和气候系统影响的计算机模型所需的关键输入。 该奖学金项下的研究将为 PI 和学生的职业发展提供无与伦比的机会。技术描述生物质燃烧气溶胶日益降低全球空气质量，并且对气候影响的影响仍然很小。美国西南部缺乏对相关燃料（包括特有物种和入侵物种）基本烟雾特性的详细测量。 该项目通过生物质燃烧排放的实验室实验来解决这些差距，重点是气溶胶水吸收或吸湿性。 该研究的重点是对生物质烟雾从排放到老化的实验室气溶胶测量，探索气溶胶吸湿性、光学特性和化学成分之间的动态关系。这项研究的具体目标是：(1) 探索气溶胶吸湿性与燃料和土壤的联系，(2) 改进一种使用腔体衰减相移-单散射反照率 (CAPS-SSA) 测量气溶胶消光湿度依赖性的新技术）方法，（3）使用其他先进的气溶胶测量技术来描述驱动烟雾气溶胶特性的框架。 将采用一系列技术来提供对生物质烟雾微物理特性的独特见解。 其中包括新墨西哥理工学院贡献的几项技术（受控 RH 浊度测定法、多波长浊度测定法和光声消光计），这些技术将与洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室 (LANL) 的资源相结合。后者包括光声光谱法、粒度分布方法以及先进的气溶胶技术，例如气溶胶质谱法和光化学老化反应器。 主要的合作任务是开发一种新仪器，即加湿 CAPS-SSA。与传统的湿度控制浊度法相结合，这将允许探测光吸收和 SSA 的 RH 依赖性。 后者决定气溶胶是否会导致净降温或变暖影响。 这项研究还包括对植物和土壤的分析，以确定吸湿性的关键驱动因素。最终，这些结果使得能够开发出烟雾、燃料和土壤成分、燃烧特性和老化的关键气溶胶特性的预测框架。 野火趋势以及美国西南部地区不断变化的森林生态系统、水文联系以及该地区的稀缺数据使这一奖项成为一个重要的话题。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和知识进行评估，被认为值得支持。更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Air Quality Impacts from Regional Fires: A Case Study of 28 November 2018 in Socorro, NM

区域火灾对空气质量的影响：2018 年 11 月 28 日新墨西哥州索科罗的案例研究

• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Journal of undergraduate research
• 作者: Karacaoglu, Jaimy;Carrico, Christian M.
• 通讯作者: Carrico, Christian M.

Optical and Chemical Analysis of Absorption Enhancement by Mixed Carbonaceous Aerosols in the 2019 Woodbury, AZ, Fire Plume

2019 年亚利桑那州伍德伯里火羽流中混合碳质气溶胶增强吸收的光学和化学分析

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032399
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Lee, James E.;Dubey, Manvendra K.;Aiken, Allison C.;Chylek, Petr;Carrico, Christian M.
• 通讯作者: Carrico, Christian M.

A Quantitative Method to Measure and Speciate Amines in Ambient Aerosol Samples

环境气溶胶样品中胺的定量测量和形态分析方法

• DOI: 10.3390/atmos11080808
• 发表时间: 2020-07-30
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: A. Sullivan;K. Benedict;C. Carrico;M. Dubey;B. Schichtel;J. Collett
• 通讯作者: J. Collett

Complexities in Modeling Organic Aerosol Light Absorption

有机气溶胶光吸收建模的复杂性

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02236
• 发表时间: 2022-07-28
• 期刊: The Journal of Physical Chemistry. a
• 作者: Gorkowski, Kyle;Benedict, Katherine B.;Carrico, Christian M.;Dubey, Manvendra K.
• 通讯作者: Dubey, Manvendra K.

Humidified single-scattering albedometer (H-CAPS-PM SSA ): Design, data analysis, and validation

加湿单散射反照率计 (H-CAPS-PM SSA )：设计、数据分析和验证

• DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2021.1895430
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Aerosol Science and Technology
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Carrico, Christian M.;Capek, Tyler J.;Gorkowski, Kyle J.;Lam, Jared T.;Gulick, Sabina;Karacaoglu, Jaimy;Lee, James E.;Dungan, Charlotte;Aiken, Allison C.;Onasch, Timothy B.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al