Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Study of Complementary Interactions between Agricultural Scientists and Local Farmers around Knowledge Production and Agricultural Development

博士论文研究：农业科学家与当地农民围绕知识生产和农业发展的互补互动研究

• 批准号: 1849680
• 负责人: Kenneth Pomeranz
• 金额: $ 1.26万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2020-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1849680&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Study; Complementary

This doctoral dissertation project is a study of the political economy of agricultural science China during World War II. Using archival research methods, the researcher will examine how the war years were transformative in institutionalizing public-funded agricultural research that expanded the systematic study of local vernacular knowledge systems. The shift from small individual research institutions to large-scale public initiatives during the war was central to the emergence of Big Science for agriculture, which served to alleviate the impoverished wartime economy. The shift was accomplished by bringing scientists in closer contact with local farmers as scientists benefited through the study and codification of vernacular knowledge while farmers were given greater access to scientific education and improved crop varieties. The findings of this research have potential policy implications for international development initiatives and Chinese agricultural development more specifically. With the current renewed interest in pre-1949 models of rural development by the "New Rural Reconstruction Movement" in China, the co-PI plans to write short articles to bring his findings to a wider audience, especially those associated with rural reform today. This project seeks to bridge the gap between histories of science focused on transnational and national transformations (such as the emergence of Big Science during World War II) and micro-histories of vernacular knowledge systems. Rather than focusing solely on one of these aspects of wartime science, this research shows how the local interacted with the national and transnational: not only were non-elite actors and local knowledge systems vital to the construction of scientific knowledge and increasing agricultural production for the war, but the geopolitics of science and the hierarchies often built into research and development schemes shaped how Chinese scientists approached the process of knowledge accumulation. These transformations are vital to understanding post-war rural development and the foundations of China's subsequent Green Revolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该博士学位论文项目是对第二次世界大战期间中国农业科学的政治经济学的研究。利用档案研究方法，研究人员将研究战争年度如何在制度化公共资助的农业研究中进行变革，从而扩大了当地白话知识系统的系统研究。在战争期间，从小型个人研究机构转变为大规模的公共倡议，是大型农业科学的出现的核心，这有助于减轻贫困的战时经济。这一转变是通过使科学家与当地农民进行更紧密接触的情况来实现的，因为科学家通过研究和编纂白话知识受益，同时使农民获得了更多的科学教育和改善的作物品种的机会。 这项研究的发现对国际发展计划和中国农业发展具有潜在的政策影响。随着目前对1949年以前的“新农村重建运动”的农村发展模式的兴趣，Co-Pi计划撰写简短的文章，将他的发现带给更广泛的受众，尤其是与当今农村改革相关的听众。该项目旨在弥合专注于跨国和民族转变（例如第二次世界大战期间的大科学的出现）与白话知识系统的微观历史之间的科学历史之间的差距。这项研究不仅关注战时科学的这些方面之一，还表明了当地与民族和跨国的互动：非精英参与者和本地知识系统不仅对战争的建设和增加农业生产至关重要，而且在战争中增加了农业生产，而且科学的地球阶层以及科学的地质学以及等级的发展方案经常构成了研究和发展方案的研究和发展方案，而科学家则如何促进知识的进程。这些转变对于理解战后农村发展和中国随后的绿色革命的基础至关重要。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来支持的。