Studies of memory reactivation during sleep using intracranial recordings

使用颅内记录研究睡眠期间的记忆重新激活

基本信息

批准号：
1829414
负责人：
Ken Paller
金额：
$ 33.57万
依托单位：
Northwestern University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829414&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Studies memory reactivation during sleep

项目摘要

Sleep is crucial to the body's ability to function but scientists have yet to uncover all the reasons for why we sleep. Recent evidence shows that sleep contributes to memory, although how that happens is not yet well understood. This project explores the idea that the ability to remember depends on sleep-based changes in how memories are stored. The investigators have the special opportunity to obtain recordings of brain activity from sensors placed inside the human brain. In some patients with frequent epileptic seizures, when pharmacological treatments are ineffective, a surgical treatment can greatly enhance quality-of-life. Sensors placed in selected brain locations can isolate the source of abnormal activity, after which this brain tissue can be removed. These patients are usually willing and able to help the investigators understand what happens during sleep to preserve memories. The investigators will explore how the reactivation of new memories during sleep improves the ability to remember the information. This type of memory processing during sleep could constitute an essential ingredient for learning. Results from this project may have implications for educational advances and for approaches to improving memory across the lifespan. The investigator plans activities to increase public understanding of science and to bolster recognition of the vital benefits of sleep.A key hypothesis in the field is that a brain region known as the hippocampus functions during sleep to help consolidate memories. This can entail linking anatomically disparate components of a memory, gradually integrating new knowledge with prior knowledge, securing memory storage, and potentially transforming what is stored. The investigators will analyze recordings of brain activity from functional brain tissue to determine how memory storage is altered when audio input during sleep promotes memory reactivation. Brain oscillations identified previously (so-called slow oscillations, sleep spindles, and hippocampal ripples), and their precise temporal interrelationships, are hypothesized to be critical. Analyses of these signals obtained during memory reactivation are thus positioned to provide new knowledge about neural mechanisms of sleep-based memory improvement, thus advancing fundamental understanding of what allows a small subset of the massive number of memories people acquire each day to survive for the long term.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

睡眠对于身体的机能至关重要，但科学家尚未揭示我们睡眠的所有原因。最近的证据表明，睡眠有助于记忆，尽管其发生机制尚不清楚。该项目探讨了这样一个观点：记忆能力取决于基于睡眠的记忆存储方式的变化。研究人员有特殊的机会从放置在人脑内部的传感器获取大脑活动的记录。对于一些癫痫频繁发作的患者，当药物治疗无效时，手术治疗可以大大提高生活质量。放置在选定的大脑位置的传感器可以隔离异常活动的来源，然后可以去除该脑组织。这些患者通常愿意并且能够帮助研究人员了解睡眠期间发生的事情以保存记忆。研究人员将探索睡眠期间新记忆的重新激活如何提高记忆信息的能力。睡眠期间的这种记忆处理可能构成学习的重要组成部分。该项目的结果可能对教育进步和改善终生记忆的方法产生影响。研究人员计划开展活动，以提高公众对科学的理解，并增强对睡眠重要益处的认识。该领域的一个关键假设是，称为海马体的大脑区域在睡眠期间发挥作用，帮助巩固记忆。这可能需要将记忆的解剖学上不同的组成部分联系起来，逐渐将新知识与先前知识相结合，保护记忆存储，并有可能改变存储的内容。研究人员将分析功能性脑组织的大脑活动记录，以确定当睡眠期间的音频输入促进记忆重新激活时，记忆存储是如何改变的。先前发现的大脑振荡（所谓的慢振荡、睡眠纺锤波和海马波纹）以及它们精确的时间相互关系被认为是至关重要的。因此，对记忆重新激活过程中获得的这些信号进行分析，可以提供有关基于睡眠的记忆改善的神经机制的新知识，从而增进对人们每天获得的大量记忆中的一小部分能够长期生存的基本理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（15）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Sleep Learning Gets Real

睡眠学习变得真实

DOI：
10.1038/scientificamerican1118-26
发表时间：
2018-10
期刊：
Scientific American
影响因子：
3
作者：
Paller, Ken A.;Oudiette, Delphine
通讯作者：
Oudiette, Delphine

Context matters: changes in memory over a period of sleep are driven by encoding context

背景很重要：睡眠期间记忆的变化是由背景编码驱动的

DOI：
10.1101/lm.053634.122
发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
Learning & Memory
影响因子：
2
作者：
Schechtman, Eitan;Heilberg, Julia;Paller, Ken A.
通讯作者：
Paller, Ken A.

Targeted memory reactivation during sleep boosts intentional forgetting of spatial locations

睡眠期间有针对性的记忆重新激活会促进对空间位置的有意遗忘

DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-59019-x
发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
Scientific Reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Schechtman, Eitan;Witkowski, Sarah;Lampe, Anna;Wilson, Brianna J.;Paller, Ken A.
通讯作者：
Paller, Ken A.

Grappling With Implicit Social Bias: A Perspective From Memory Research

应对隐性社会偏见：记忆研究的视角