CAREER: Trust, Cooperation, and Collective Action in Diverse Communities

职业生涯：不同社区中的信任、合作和集体行动

• 批准号: 1845177
• 负责人: Maria Abascal
• 金额: $ 44.75万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1845177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Trust; Cooperation; Collective; Action

This project will investigate how people view and respond to racial/ethnic diversity in their communities. An underlying premise is that people may respond to diversity differently depending the specific racial/ethnic groups that make up that diversity. The first part of the project will examine how people from different racial/ethnic backgrounds define diversity, followed by distinguishing heterogeneity from the share of non-Whites in a community. The second part asks whether and how people learn from past cross-racial interactions and become trusting toward strangers from different racial/ethnic backgrounds. The third part of this project studies neighborhoods in a large urban city where diversity functions well, i.e., where neighbors have repeatedly organized to achieve common goals, despite racial/ethnic differences between them. In this phase of the research, the project investigates the mechanisms, such as information sharing and sanctioning, that successfully promote cooperation between people from different backgrounds. The project will create a research practicum for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students that will focus on experimental research methods. The project will also continue and expand upon an ongoing initiative that has created an experimental design workshop. This workshop brings together experimental social scientists from across the university to exchange ideas and receive feedback on original experimental research. A final educational initiative will involve a weeklong summer school on the topic of experiments in the social sciences, which will be open to Ph.D. students from several local universities. The project will provide insights useful in formulating and implementing policies such as those concerning affirmative action, immigration and residential integration.This project will first clarify the meaning of diversity and the burden-of-proof for documenting the effects of diversity. Second, it will analyze how members of racial/ethnic minority groups, not just Whites, react to diversity. Third, it will bring innovative experimental methods to bear on questions of longstanding sociological interest. To shed light on understandings of diversity, the first part of this project relies on a conjoint experiment with a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, including strategic oversamples of non-Whites. A second part involves a public goods game where participants are assigned to heterogeneous groups, homogeneously White groups, or homogeneously non-White groups. The goal is to understand how people respond not just to diversity, but also to the share of specific racial/ethnic groups. The third part involves recruiting White and non-White residents of diverse and homogeneous urban neighborhoods. These participants will participate in an online survey with behavioral game components. The behavioral games capture altruism, trust, and cooperativeness toward both in-group and out-group members. They also allow the researcher to address social desirability bias, to observe real-stakes behavior, to disentangle micro-level motivations and mechanisms, and to clarify the scope conditions around hypotheses. Taken together, this project will bring clarity to the growing but inconclusive social scientific literature on racial/ethnic diversity, both by informing theories of diversity and by producing new empirical findings regarding intergroup relations in diverse communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将调查人们如何看待和回应其社区中的种族/种族多样性。 一个基本的前提是，人们可能会根据构成多样性的特定种族/种族群体来对多样性做出不同的反应。 该项目的第一部分将研究来自不同种族/种族背景的人们如何定义多样性，然后将异质性与社区中的非白人份额区分开来。第二部分询问人们是否以及如何从过去的跨种族互动中学习，并从不同的种族/种族背景中对陌生人信任。该项目的第三部分研究了一个大城市的大型城市，即多样性运作良好，即尽管邻居在邻居之间反复组织了共同的目标，尽管他们之间存在种族/种族差异。在研究的这一阶段，该项目调查了信息共享和制裁等机制，这些机制成功地促进了来自不同背景的人之间的合作。 该项目将为高级本科生和研究生创建研究实践，将重点放在实验研究方法上。 该项目还将继续扩展并扩大正在进行的计划，该计划创建了一个实验设计研讨会。 该研讨会汇集了整个大学的实验社会科学家，以交换思想，并收到有关原始实验研究的反馈。最终的教育倡议将涉及为期一周的暑期学校，涉及社会科学实验的主题，该主题将向博士开放。来自几所当地大学的学生。 该项目将提供有助于制定和实施政策（例如有关平权行动，移民和住宅融合的政策）有用的见解。该项目将首先阐明多样性的含义以及记录多样性影响的范围。其次，它将分析种族/族裔少数民族（不仅是白人）的成员如何对多样性做出反应。 第三，它将带来创新的实验方法，以解决长期社会学兴趣的问题。为了阐明对多样性的理解，该项目的第一部分依靠与全国代表性的美国成年人样本（包括战略性的非白人示例）进行的联合实验。第二部分涉及公共物品游戏，其中参与者被分配给异质群体，白人群体或同质非白人群体。目的是了解人们不仅对多样性的反应，而且对特定种族/族裔群体的份额做出反应。第三部分涉及招募各种和同质城市社区的白人和非白人居民。这些参与者将与行为游戏组件一起参加在线调查。行为游戏抓住了对小组内和小组成员的利他主义，信任和合作。它们还允许研究人员解决社会可取性偏见，观察真实的行为，消除微观层面的动机和机制，并阐明围绕假设的范围条件。综上所述，该项目将通过向多样性理论提供信息，并通过对多元化社区中的群体间关系提出新的经验发现来使有关种族/种族多样性的社会科学文献清晰明了。该奖项反映了NSF的法规使命，并认为通过基金会的智力优点和广泛的评论，可以通过评估来进行评估。