SBIR Phase I: Identification of disease resistance traits to improve the productivity and sustainability of soybean cultivation

SBIR 第一阶段：鉴定抗病性状以提高大豆种植的生产力和可持续性

• 批准号: 1844088
• 负责人: Alex Schultink
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: Fortiphyte, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2020-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1844088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Identification; disease; resistance

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is to improve the productivity and environmental sustainability of soybean cultivation. Soybean is the most widely grown crop in the United States with nearly 90 million acres under cultivation. Soybean is a key part of the food system and generates $22 billion in export revenue each year. One of the greatest threats to soybean production is the fungal pathogen known as Asian Soybean Rust. Current commercial soybean varieties have no resistance to this pathogen and over $2 billion is spent annually on fungicides to control this disease. While soybean is highly susceptible to this disease, many wild plant species have natural resistance to this pathogen. This project seeks to identify the naturally occurring mechanisms of disease resistance in wild plant species that can be used to develop disease-resistant soybean varieties. Adoption of these varieties is expected to bring more than $4 billion in value to the soybean industry while improving productivity and reducing fungicide use.The intellectual merit of this SBIR Phase I project is to identify plant immune receptor proteins that confer disease resistance to Asian Soybean Rust, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi. A key determinant of whether or not a plant is resistant to a particular pathogen is whether the plant has an appropriate immune receptor protein capable of recognizing the presence of the invading pathogen. Once activated, plant immune receptors trigger plant defense responses that typically result in immunity. This project will use reverse genetic and biochemical approaches to identify plant immune receptor proteins that confer resistance to Asian Soybean Rust. Preliminary work identified several molecules from Phakopsora that elicit an immune response in non-host plant species. The goal is to identify the cognate immune receptors and test them for sufficiency to enable immune activation in response to Asian Soybean Rust elicitor molecules. This research will enable future work to the development soybean varieties with resistance to Asian Soybean Rust.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）I阶段项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是提高大豆种植的生产率和环境可持续性。大豆是美国最广泛种植的农作物，正在种植近9000万英亩。大豆是食品系统的关键部分，每年产生220亿美元的出口收入。对大豆生产的最大威胁之一是真菌病原体，即亚洲大豆锈病。当前的商业大豆品种对这种病原体没有抵抗力，每年将超过20亿美元用于杀菌剂来控制这种疾病。虽然大豆非常容易受到这种疾病的影响，但许多野生植物物种对这种病原体具有自然抗性。该项目旨在确定可用于开发耐疾病大豆品种的野生植物物种中抗病性的自然机制。预计采用这些品种将为大豆行业带来超过40亿美元的价值，同时提高生产率并减少杀菌剂的使用。该SBIR I期项目的知识分子优点是识别植物免疫受体蛋白，以赋予对亚洲大豆rust的抗病性，这是由真菌Phakospora Pachyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhyrhysi造成的。植物是否对特定病原体有抵抗力的关键决定因素是该植物是否具有能够识别入侵病原体存在的适当免疫受体蛋白。一旦激活，植物免疫受体会触发通常导致免疫力的植物防御反应。该项目将使用反向遗传和生化方法来鉴定植物免疫受体蛋白赋予亚洲大豆锈的抗性。初步工作确定了来自Phakopsora的几个分子，这些分子引起了非宿主植物物种的免疫反应。目的是鉴定同源免疫受体并测试足以使免疫激活能够响应亚洲大豆锈酸酯分子。这项研究将使未来的开发大豆品种具有抵抗亚洲大豆锈的抗衡。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来获得支持。