EAGER: Collaborative Research: Proteomic Detection of Amelogenin Proteins for Biological Profiles

EAGER：合作研究：通过蛋白质组学检测牙釉蛋白的生物学特征

• 批准号: 1825055
• 负责人: Anne Stone
• 金额: $ 2.81万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1825055&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Proteomic; Detection

In both bioarchaeological and forensic settings, scientists need to be able to establish the biological profiles of individuals based on their skeletal remains. In this EAGER research project, methods for determining whether a skeleton was female or male based on the chemistry of tooth enamel will be developed and compared to other methods of sex estimation. The research will expand the available suite of tools for establishing biological profiles, with the aims of validating and improving protocols and expanding the range of time periods and environmental conditions in which skeletal sex estimation can be accomplished. Findings and protocols will be shared with researchers in anthropology, chemistry, and other disciplines, and the project will support undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral student training and mentoring across the three collaborative research sites. The inability to accurately determine the sex of sub-adult and/or incomplete skeletons is a persistent problem in biological anthropology and forensic anthropology. Both osteological analysis and DNA-based methodology have particular strengths and limitations. This project seeks to develop a robust, reproducible, and sensitive method for bioarchaeological and forensic sex estimation based on the detection of sexually dimorphic amelogenin peptides in human enamel, the hardest and best preserved tissue in the human body. The investigators will optimize peptide extraction from enamel, increase the sensitivity and quantification of sexually dimorphic peptides, establish a uniform protocol that can be applied as broadly as possible to archaeological material, and replicate and build on other work done in the field. The approach developed will be statistically grounded and result in sex estimation with established error and false positive and negative rates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在生物考古和法医环境中，科学家需要能够根据骨骼遗骸建立个体的生物学特征。在这个 EAGER 研究项目中，将开发一种根据牙釉质化学成分确定骨骼是女性还是男性的方法，并与其他性别估计方法进行比较。 该研究将扩展用于建立生物学特征的可用工具套件，目的是验证和改进协议并扩大可以完成骨骼性别估计的时间段和环境条件的范围。研究结果和协议将与人类学、化学和其他学科的研究人员共享，该项目将支持三个合作研究中心的本科生、研究生和博士后学生的培训和指导。 无法准确确定亚成人和/或不完整骨骼的性别是生物人类学和法医人类学中长期存在的问题。骨学分析和基于 DNA 的方法都有特定的优点和局限性。该项目旨在开发一种稳健、可重复且灵敏的方法，用于生物考古和法医性别估计，其基础是检测人类牙釉质（人体最坚硬、保存最完好的组织）中的两性异形釉原肽。研究人员将优化从牙釉质中提取肽，提高两性肽的灵敏度和定量，建立一个可以尽可能广泛地应用于考古材料的统一方案，并复制和建立在该领域所做的其他工作的基础上。所开发的方法将以统计为基础，并产生具有既定误差和误报率和误报率的性别估计。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。