Collaborative Research: Southern Ocean Carbon Gas Observatory (SCARGO)

合作研究：南大洋碳气体观测站（SCARGO）

• 批准号: 1839218
• 负责人: Britton Stephens
• 金额: $ 113.26万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1839218&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Southern; Ocean; Carbon

The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle, yet there remians uncertainty regarding air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide in the region. This project will initiate a novel airborne measurement program to address this: the Southern Ocean Carbon Gas Observatory (SCARGO). This approach will map distributions of carbon dioxide throughout the polar troposphere enabling robust estimates of summertime air-sea fluxes. SCARGO will leverage an observational platform of opportunity, the New York Air National Guard (ANG) LC-130 aircraft, operating austral summer from McMurdo Station supporting the United States Antarctic Program. Measurements will be made over three field seasons. Analysis and modeling activities will quantify Southern Ocean air-sea carbon dioxide air-exchange based on the observations, including the intra-seasonal evolution and interannual variability of current and future carbon climate fluxes.SCARGO will address two fundamental research questions: (1) What is the magnitude and seasonal evolution of summertime Southern Ocean carbon dioxide uptake? and (2) How large is interannual variability in summertime carbon dioxide flux and what processes drive this variability? Aircraft measurements have several distinct advantages over other approaches to address these research questions. Additionally SCARGO also address several ancillary research questions leveraging concurrent measurements of atmospheric methane(CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and water vapor (H2O). SCARGO PI's will involve students in the project, providing education and mentoring on the scientific and technical aspects of aircraft-based oceanography and numerical modeling. A postdoctoral scholar on the project will be trained in ocean biogeochemistry, Earth system and transport modeling. All analysis codes will be publicly released on GitHub in clear, well-documented forms enabling reproducibility. Finally, SCARGO will demonstrate the effectiveness of the NYANG LC-130 for atmospheric surveys, thereby contributing to realizing recommendations to establish an airborne research platform for the Antarctic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

南方海洋在全球碳循环中起着至关重要的作用，但雷米安人在该地区二氧化碳的空气通量不确定性。该项目将启动一项新型的机载测量计划，以解决以下方面：南大洋碳燃气天文台（Scargo）。这种方法将在整个极地对流层中绘制二氧化碳的分布，从而实现夏季空气通量的可靠估计。 Scargo将利用纽约航空国民警卫队（ANG）LC-130飞机的观察平台，该飞机在McMurdo站经营澳大利亚夏季，支持美国南极计划。测量将在三个赛季中进行。 Analysis and modeling activities will quantify Southern Ocean air-sea carbon dioxide air-exchange based on the observations, including the intra-seasonal evolution and interannual variability of current and future carbon climate fluxes.SCARGO will address two fundamental research questions: (1) What is the magnitude and seasonal evolution of summertime Southern Ocean carbon dioxide uptake? （2）夏季二氧化碳通量中的年际变异性有多大，哪些过程驱动了这种变异性？飞机测量值比解决这些研究问题的其他方法具有几个不同的优势。此外，Scargo还解决了多个辅助研究问题，以利用大气甲烷（CH4），一氧化碳（CO）和水蒸气（H2O）的同时测量。 Scargo Pi的将使学生参与该项目，为基于飞机的海洋学和数值建模的科学和技术方面提供教育和指导。该项目的博士后学者将接受海洋生物地球化学，地球系统和运输建模的培训。所有分析代码将以清晰的，有据可查的形式在GitHub上公开发布，以实现可重复性。最后，Scargo将证明Nyang LC-130对大气调查的有效性，从而有助于实现建议为南极建立空中研究平台的建议。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过使用该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响来评估CRITERIA的评估。

项目成果

Strong Southern Ocean carbon uptake evident in airborne observations

机载观测显示南大洋碳吸收强劲

• DOI: 10.1126/science.abi4355
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Long, Matthew C.;Stephens, Britton B.;McKain, Kathryn;Sweeney, Colm;Keeling, Ralph F.;Kort, Eric A.;Morgan, Eric J.;Bent, Jonathan D.;Chandra, Naveen;Chevallier, Frederic
• 通讯作者: Chevallier, Frederic