RAPID: Collaborative: Geodetic and Seismic Observations of Volcanic Unrest at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos Islands

RAPID：协作：加拉帕戈斯群岛塞拉内格拉火山火山动荡的大地测量和地震观测

• 批准号: 1838373
• 负责人: Peter LaFemina
• 金额: $ 0.28万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1838373&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Geodetic; Seismic; Observations

Seismic and geodetic observations of volcanic unrest and of erupting volcanoes not only lead to a better understanding of the fundamental processes of magma storage, magma reservoir failure, magma transport towards the Earth's surface, but also provide opportunities to identify precursory signals that could serve to better forecast eruptions. Sierra Negra volcano in the Galapagos islands, one of the world's largest and most active basaltic shield volcanoes is in a new episode of unrest. This project responds to this unrest by collecting critical observations to understand this and other systems better. The Broader Impacts of this work include better understanding of hazards associated with volcanoes and the earthquakes that happen near them. The project is a collaborative effort between a large geodetic facility, and researchers at the University of Miami and Pennsylvania State University. In addition, the work will be done in collaboration with Instituto Geofisico (IG), Quito, Ecuador.This RAPID responds to the inflation activity at Sierra Negra. The project will work (1) to upgrade the existing geodetic network, (2) to conduct a photogrammetric survey of the trapdoor fault system using a drone, (3) to conduct time-lapse gravimetric observations inside the caldera (an initial survey was done in February 2018), and (4) to expand the network to better capture inflation activities. Questions that will be addressed include how intrusions initiate, how does the trapdoor faulting work and relate to the magma inflation, and what is the volatile content of the magma. This project provides the geodetic observations complementing the temporary seismic network of collaborators at Edinburgh, IG and Tulane. The combination of multiple geophysical data sets will allow modeling the build-up to and the processes during an eruption in unprecedented detail.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

火山动荡和爆发火山的地震和大地观察不仅会更好地理解岩浆存储的基本过程，岩浆储层故障，岩浆向地球表面的运输，而且还提供了识别可以更好地预测爆发的前体信号。加拉帕戈斯群岛（Galapagos Islands）的塞拉尼格拉（Sierra Negra）火山是世界上最大，最活跃的玄武岩盾火山之一，是新的动荡剧集。该项目通过收集批判性观察以更好地理解该系统和其他系统来回应这一动荡。这项工作的更广泛的影响包括更好地了解与火山相关的危害以及附近发生的地震。该项目是大型大地测量机构与迈阿密大学和宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员之间的合作努力。此外，这项工作将与厄瓜多尔基多的Geofisico Instoration（IG）合作进行。这迅速响应了塞拉内格拉（Sierra Negra）的通货膨胀活动。该项目将起作用（1）以升级现有的测量网络，（2）使用无人机对板门故障系统进行摄影测量，（3）以进行火山口内的延时重量观测（在2018年2月进行了初步调查），以及（4）以扩展网络以更好地捕获通货膨胀活动。将要解决的问题包括入侵的发起，陷阱门断层如何起作用并与岩浆通货膨胀有关，以及岩浆的挥发性含量是什么。该项目提供了代表爱丁堡，IG和Tulane合作者的临时地震网络的大地观察。多个地球物理数据集的结合将允许建模堆积物以及前所未有的细节爆发过程中的过程。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识分子的智力优点和更广泛的影响来通过评估来获得支持。