Dimensions: Collaborative Research: The Role of Microbial Biodiversity in Controlling Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Soils

维度：合作研究：微生物生物多样性在控制土壤一氧化二氮排放中的作用

• 批准号: 1831842
• 负责人: Wendy Yang
• 金额: $ 69.15万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1831842&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Collaborative; Research; Role; Microbial

Despite the vast amount of microbial biodiversity on Earth, the links among the number of microbial species, their genetic diversity, and ecosystem function remain poorly understood. Soils play an important role in sustaining human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the function of the large number of bacterial species in the soil. To provide new insights into the relationship between microbial species and soil function, this project will focus on the reduction of a potent greenhouse gas called nitrous oxide. The reduction of nitrous oxide is a key function of soil microbes. This reduction step determines how much of this greenhouse gas is emitted to the atmosphere from the soil. The recent discovery of a new set of genes, organisms, and pathways that reduce nitrous oxide provides an opportunity to make progress on understanding this function. This project will train undergraduate students and graduate students, including individuals from under-represented groups from Puerto Rico. The training would include workshops, research opportunities, and a Research Experience for Undergraduates program at three institutions. The project also provides outreach opportunities to the general public through established K to Gray programs. Finally, the research from this study will provide society benefits in two ways. First, it will provide a mechanistic understanding of the controls on the production of an important greenhouse gas (nitrous oxide). Second, it will help understand an important loss pathway of nitrogen, the single most limiting nutrient on Earth.This project will test the hypothesis that the amount of taxonomic and genetic diversity in the nitrous oxide reductase gene is necessary for specialization due to different substrate and environmental conditions in the soil. The ultimate goal is to predict both nitrous oxide reduction rates and nitrous oxide emissions from the genetic and phylogenetic diversity of soil microbes. The proposal will focus on two study sites- one in Illinois and one in Puerto Rico- and measure the abundances and activities of nitrous oxide-reducing taxa and genes in the soils. Simultaneous measurements of nitrous oxide emission rates in a variety of environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, and nutrient levels, will allow the biotic and abiotic drivers of this reaction to be separated. The predicted rates of nitrous oxide consumption from a multivariate statistical analysis will be tested with independently measured rates by isotope-based methodology. This will allow assessment of the robust model of the microbial and environmental controls of the fate of nitrous oxide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管地球上有大量的微生物生物多样性，但微生物物种数量之间的联系，它们的遗传多样性和生态系统功能仍然知之甚少。土壤在维持人类健康方面起着重要作用。因此，了解土壤中大量细菌物种的功能尤其重要。为了对微生物物种与土壤功能之间的关系提供新的见解，该项目将集中于减少称为一氧化二氮的有效温室气体。一氧化二氮的还原是土壤微生物的关键功能。此减少步骤确定了从土壤中发出多少这种温室气体。最近发现了一组新的基因，生物和途径减少一​​二氮的基因，为理解该功能取得进展提供了机会。该项目将培训本科生和研究生，包括来自波多黎各人数不足的团体的个人。该培训将包括在三个机构的本科生计划的研讨会，研究机会和研究经验。该项目还通过既定的K到灰色计划为公众提供宣传机会。最后，这项研究的研究将通过两种方式为社会带来好处。首先，它将提供对重要温室气体（一氧化二氮）的控制的机械理解。其次，它将有助于了解氮的重要损失途径，这是地球上最有限的养分。该项目将检验以下假设：由于不同的氧化物还原酶基因的分类学和遗传多样性的量对于由于不同的底物和土壤中的环境条件而导致的专业化是必不可少的。最终目标是预测土壤微生物的遗传和系统发育多样性的一氧化氧化物还原率和一氧化二氮排放。该提案将集中于两个研究地点 - 一个在伊利诺伊州，一个在波多黎各的研究地点，并衡量土壤中含氧化氧化二氮的分类单元和基因的丰度和活性。在多种环境条件（例如温度，水分和养分水平）中同时测量一氧化二氮排放率，将使该反应的生物和非生物驱动器分开。通过基于同位素的方法，将对多元统计分析的一氧化二氮消耗率进行预测。这将允许评估一氧化二氮命运的微生物和环境控制的强大模型。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

Historical soil drainage mediates the response of soil greenhouse gas emissions to intense precipitation events

• DOI: 10.1007/s10533-019-00544-x
• 发表时间: 2019-01
• 期刊: Biogeochemistry
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Alexander H. Krichels;E. DeLucia;R. Sanford;J. Chee-Sanford;Wendy H. Yang

Beyond denitrification: The role of microbial diversity in controlling nitrous oxide reduction and soil nitrous oxide emissions

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15545
• 发表时间: 2021-03-14
• 期刊: GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Shan, Jun;Sanford, Robert A.;Yang, Wendy H.
• 通讯作者: Yang, Wendy H.

Accelerated gross nitrogen cycling following garlic mustard invasion is linked with abiotic and biotic changes to soils

蒜芥入侵后总氮循环加速与土壤的非生物和生物变化有关

• DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2022.1050542
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Forests and Global Change
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Edwards, Joseph D.;Cook, Allison M.;Yannarell, Anthony C.;Yang, Wendy H.
• 通讯作者: Yang, Wendy H.

Iron Redox Reactions Can Drive Microtopographic Variation in Upland Soil Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide Emissions

铁氧化还原反应可以驱动陆地土壤二氧化碳和一氧化二氮排放的微地形变化

• DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems3030060
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Soil Systems
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Krichels, Alexander H.;Sipic, Emina;Yang, Wendy H.
• 通讯作者: Yang, Wendy H.

Dynamic Controls on Field‐Scale Soil Nitrous Oxide Hot Spots and Hot Moments Across a Microtopographic Gradient

微地形梯度上田间土壤一氧化二氮热点和热点的动态控制

• DOI: 10.1029/2019jg005224
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: Krichels, Alexander H.;Yang, Wendy H.
• 通讯作者: Yang, Wendy H.