SaTC: CORE: Small: Socio-Technical Strategies for Enhancing Privacy in Photo Sharing

SaTC：核心：小：增强照片共享隐私的社会技术策略

• 批准号: 1814476
• 负责人: Apu Kapadia
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1814476&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Socio; Technical

With the rise of digital photography and social networking, people are capturing and sharing photos on social media at an unprecedented rate. Such sharing may lead to privacy concerns for the people captured in such photos, e.g., in the context of embarrassing photos that go "viral" and are shared widely. At worst, online photo sharing can result in cyber-bullying that can greatly affect the subjects of such photos. This research builds on the observation that viewers of a photo are mindful of the privacy of other people, and could be influenced to protect their privacy when sharing photos online. First, the research will study how people think and feel about sharing photos of themselves and others. This will involve measuring their behavioral and physiological responses as they make their decisions. Second, the research will identify to what degree these decisions can be altered through technical mechanisms that are designed to encourage responsible image sharing activity that respects the privacy of people captured in the photo. The investigators will involve graduate and undergraduates students in this research.This project brings together expertise in the psychological and brain sciences and computer security and privacy to explore socio-technical solutions for privacy in the context of photo sharing. In particular, the research focuses on first developing an understanding of people's cognitive and affective dynamics while sharing photos on social media. The research seeks to 1) determine the effects of attention, depth of processing, and decisional uncertainty on image sharing decisions; and 2) identify the relationship between affective responses to images and decisions to share images on social media. Building on the knowledge gained from these experiments, the research seeks to develop and test a series of socio-technical intervention strategies such as face-highlighting and identity-priming, which are informed by a novel theoretical and methodological framework called objectification theory, or the idea that people are often motivated to see other people in terms of particular features or as objects of entertainment. These interventions will counteract objectification by encouraging viewers to consider the personal identity or privacy of the people depicted in each image before making image-sharing decisions. Thus, the mechanisms for addressing bystander privacy will be grounded in a psychological study that understands and manipulates the elements of decision making while sharing photos.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着数码摄影和社交网络的兴起，人们以前所未有的速度在社交媒体上拍摄和分享照片。这种共享可能会导致这些照片中拍摄的人的隐私问题，例如，在“病毒式传播”并广泛共享的令人尴尬的照片的情况下。在最坏的情况下，在线照片共享可能会导致网络欺凌，从而极大地影响此类照片的主题。这项研究基于这样的观察：照片的观看者会注意其他人的隐私，并且在网上共享照片时可能会受到影响以保护他们的隐私。首先，该研究将研究人们对分享自己和他人的照片的想法和感受。 这将涉及测量他们做出决定时的行为和生理反应。其次，该研究将确定通过技术机制可以在多大程度上改变这些决定，这些技术机制旨在鼓励负责任的图像共享活动，尊重照片中人物的隐私。研究人员将让研究生和本科生参与这项研究。该项目汇集了心理和脑科学以及计算机安全和隐私方面的专业知识，以探索照片共享背景下隐私的社会技术解决方案。特别是，该研究的重点是首先了解人们在社交媒体上分享照片时的认知和情感动态。该研究旨在 1) 确定注意力、处理深度和决策不确定性对图像共享决策的影响； 2）确定对图像的情感反应与在社交媒体上分享图像的决定之间的关系。基于从这些实验中获得的知识，该研究试图开发和测试一系列社会技术干预策略，例如面部突出和身份启动，这些策略以一种称为客观化理论或“客观化理论”的新颖理论和方法论框架为基础。人们常常会出于某种特定特征或娱乐对象来看待他人。这些干预措施将鼓励观看者在做出图像共享决定之前考虑每张图像中所描绘的人的个人身份或隐私，从而抵消客观化的影响。因此，解决旁观者隐私问题的机制将建立在一项心理学研究的基础上，该研究可以理解和操纵共享照片时决策的要素。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

项目成果

Influencing Photo Sharing Decisions on Social Media: A Case of Paradoxical Findings

影响社交媒体上的照片分享决策：一个矛盾的发现案例

• DOI: 10.1109/sp40000.2020.00006
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security & Privacy (IEEE S&P/Oakland '20
• 作者: Amon, Mary Jean;Hasan, Rakibul;Hugenberg, Kurt;Bertenthal, Bennett I.;Kapadia, Apu
• 通讯作者: Kapadia, Apu

Sharing Photos on Social Media: Visual Attention Affects Real-World Decision Making

在社交媒体上分享照片：视觉注意力影响现实世界的决策

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79997-7_25
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Unmanned Systems and Cybersecurity
• 作者: Fagan, Shawn E.;Wade, Lauren;Hugenberg, Kurt;Kapadia, Apu;Bertenthal, Bennett I.
• 通讯作者: Bertenthal, Bennett I.

Sharenting and children’s privacy: Parenting style, practices, and perspectives on sharing young children’s photos on social media

分享和儿童隐私：在社交媒体上分享幼儿照片的养育方式、做法和观点

• DOI: 10.1145/3512963
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Computer supported cooperative work
• 作者: Amon, M. J.;Kartvelishvilli, N.;Bertenthal, B.;Hugenberg, K.;Kapadia, A.
• 通讯作者: Kapadia, A.

Your Photo is so Funny that I don’t Mind Violating Your Privacy by Sharing it: Effects of Individual Humor Styles on Online Photo-sharing Behaviors

你的照片太有趣了，我不介意通过分享它来侵犯你的隐私：个人幽默风格对在线照片共享行为的影响

• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21
• 作者: Hasan, Rakibul;Bertenthal, Bennett I.;Hugenberg, Kurt;Kapadia, Apu
• 通讯作者: Kapadia, Apu