Collaborative Research: Investigations of Wind-Driven Exchange and Long-Wave Modulation of Surface Fluxes Under Strong Wind Conditions Using OOI Data

合作研究：使用 OOI 数据研究强风条件下风驱动交换和表面通量的长波调制

• 批准号: 1829962
• 负责人: Douglas Vandemark
• 金额: $ 18.39万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829962&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Investigations; Wind; Driven

The Ocean Observatory Initiative (OOI) has been developed by NSF to provide continuous measurements at a wide variety of locations for unprecedented access to the world's oceans and marine atmospheric environment. A major theme of the OOI is Ocean-Atmosphere Exchange, which was identified during OOI planning as "critical to improving the predictive capabilities of storm forecasting and climate-change models." This project will allow access to new quality-controlled and continuous high-wind measurement of fluxes, waves and ocean currents at the OOI DC flux moorings under moderate to high wind conditions - data that should open new windows for evaluation of these forecast models as well as support for ongoing and future process studies at the OOI Pioneer, Endurance and Global sites. This project will take advantage of these observations to improve our detailed understanding of the interaction between the atmosphere, the surface wave field, and the underlying ocean, as well as to test, improve and validate parameterizations which estimate the critically important wind stress as a function of other, more easily observed or modeled parameters. Expected broader impacts from this research include STEM training of high school students, an enhancement to the OOI research infrastructure, and increased partnerships between academia, industry and federal agencies. These will be achieved through participation in a WHOI program aimed at developing a senior-level capstone course in Oceanography for high school students, dedicated OOI flux data development activities to support expanded science investigation using these platforms, and provision to the broader research community of widely sought after high-wind condition field measurement datasets including wind stress and buoyancy flux. This research will investigate the turbulent exchange of momentum that drives waves and currents at moderate to extreme wind speeds. The primary objectives of this project are (1) validate and/or improve bulk air-sea flux algorithms that parameterize the momentum flux at moderate to high wind speeds to reduce the uncertainty resulting from the scarcity of measurements in the 15-25 m/s range; (2) conduct process studies to investigate wind-wave feedback mechanisms that address the impact of wave-age, wave-steepness and directional differences (e.g., between the wind, wave and stress fields) using OOI directional wave spectral data and high-rate co-spectral flux estimates; and (3) use the sum of these investigations to test existing parameterizations of surface fluxes being employed in LES and numerical wind and wave modeling activities at several forecast centers. This study is expected to advance the evaluation and improvement of drag coefficient parameterizations and explore new ones based on physical arguments and insights gained from the continuous OOI measurements. The improvement of these parameterizations is a crucial component in the development of coupled ocean-wave-atmosphere models.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋观测站计划 (OOI) 由 NSF 开发，旨在在各种地点提供连续测量，以前所未有的方式了解世界海洋和海洋大气环境。 OOI 的一个主要主题是海洋-大气交换，在 OOI 规划期间被确定为“对于提高风暴预报和气候变化模型的预测能力至关重要”。该项目将允许在中风至强风条件下，对 OOI DC 通量系泊处的通量、波浪和洋流进行新的质量控制和连续强风测量 - 这些数据也将为评估这些预测模型打开新的窗口作为 OOI Pioneer、Endurance 和 Global 站点正在进行和未来的工艺研究的支持。该项目将利用这些观测结果来加深我们对大气、表面波场和底层海洋之间相互作用的详细了解，并测试、改进和验证参数化，将至关重要的风应力估计为函数其他更容易观察或建模的参数。这项研究预计会产生更广泛的影响，包括对高中生进行 STEM 培训、加强 OOI 研究基础设施以及加强学术界、工业界和联邦机构之间的合作关系。这些目标将通过参与 WHOI 计划来实现，该计划旨在为高中生开发海洋学高级顶点课程，专门的 OOI 通量数据开发活动以支持使用这些平台扩大科学研究，并向更广泛的研究界提供广泛的信息。寻求高风条件现场测量数据集，包括风应力和浮力通量。这项研究将研究在中度至极端风速下驱动波浪和水流的湍流动量交换。该项目的主要目标是 (1) 验证和/或改进大量空气-海洋通量算法，该算法对中风至高风速下的动量通量进行参数化，以减少由于 15-25 m/s 的测量稀缺而导致的不确定性范围; (2) 使用 OOI 定向波谱数据和高速进行过程研究，研究风波反馈机制，解决波龄、波陡度和方向差异（例如风、波浪和应力场之间）的影响共谱通量估计； (3) 利用这些研究的总和来测试 LES 中使用的现有表面通量参数化以及几个预报中心的数值风浪建模活动。这项研究预计将推进阻力系数参数化的评估和改进，并根据物理论证和连续 OOI 测量获得的见解探索新的参数化。这些参数化的改进是海浪大气耦合模型开发的关键组成部分。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Air-Sea Fluxes With a Focus on Heat and Momentum

• DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00430
• 发表时间: 2019-07-31
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Cronin, Meghan F.;Gentemann, Chelle L.;Zhang, Dongxiao
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Dongxiao