Field Measurements of Trace Gas Reactions at the Air-Ocean Interface

气海界面痕量气体反应的现场测量

• 批准号: 1829667
• 负责人: Timothy Bertram
• 金额: $ 55.34万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829667&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Field; Measurements; Trace; Gas; Reactions

This project focuses on the emission of reactive gases from the surface of the ocean. It is well known that marine phytoplankton and bacteria produce a wide array of reactive gases that are subsequently emitted to the atmosphere. Recent laboratory experiments have suggested that chemical and photochemical reactions at the surface of the ocean may also produce significant quantities of reactive gases. This project is designed to determine both the sea-to-air emission rate of a wide array of reactive gases and the dominant production mechanisms for these molecules in seawater. This research will provide new, quantitative insight on the impact of marine reactive gas emissions on oxidant concentrations and the production rate of secondary organic aerosol particles. The specific objectives of this research are: (1) to measure the air-sea flux of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (oVOCs), (2) to partition the observed flux between biochemical, photochemical, and heterogeneous reaction pathways using in field measurements of oVOC emission rates from collected seawater, and (3) to determine that factors that control the emission rate and production pathways for oVOC production at the air-sea interface. To carry out these objectives we will make new measurements of the air-sea flux of oVOCs and ozone via eddy covariance alongside flow reactor measurements of oVOC emission from collected seawater as a function of light intensity and oxidant exposure. The work here will make up the larger part of the Ph.D. theses for two chemistry graduate students at University of Wisconsin (UW) Madison. Elements of the field work will serve as the foundation for multiple UW Madison undergraduate independent research projects. This project will also permit the continued involvement of the Principal Investigator (PI) and Ph.D. students in education and outreach activities that bring small sensor technology to high school classrooms around the state of Wisconsin.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的重点是海洋表面活性气体的排放。众所周知，海洋浮游植物和细菌会产生多种反应性气体，随后排放到大气中。最近的实验室实验表明，海洋表面的化学和光化学反应也可能产生大量的活性气体。该项目旨在确定各种活性气体从海到空的排放率以及海水中这些分子的主要生产机制。这项研究将为海洋活性气体排放对氧化剂浓度和二次有机气溶胶颗粒产生率的影响提供新的定量见解。本研究的具体目标是：(1) 测量含氧挥发性有机化合物 (oVOC) 的空气-海洋通量，(2) 在 oVOC 现场测量中将观测到的通量划分为生化、光化学和非均相反应途径收集的海水的排放率，以及 (3) 确定控制排放率的因素以及空气-海洋界面 oVOC 产生的产生途径。为了实现这些目标，我们将通过涡流协方差对 oVOC 和臭氧的海气通量进行新的测量，同时使用流动反应器测量收集的海水中的 oVOC 排放量，作为光强度和氧化剂暴露的函数。这里的工作将占博士学位的大部分。为威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校两名化学研究生撰写的论文。实地工作的要素将作为多个威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校本科生独立研究项目的基础。该项目还将允许首席研究员 (PI) 和博士继续参与。学生参与教育和推广活动，将小型传感器技术引入威斯康星州各地的高中教室。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Oceanic emissions of dimethyl sulfide and methanethiol and their contribution to sulfur dioxide production in the marine atmosphere

二甲基硫醚和甲硫醇的海洋排放及其对海洋大气中二氧化硫产生的贡献

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-22-6309-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Novak, Gordon A.;Kilgour, Delaney B.;Jernigan, Christopher M.;Vermeuel, Michael P.;Bertram, Timothy H.
• 通讯作者: Bertram, Timothy H.

Simultaneous detection of ozone and nitrogen dioxide by oxygen anion chemical ionization mass spectrometry: a fast-time-response sensor suitable for eddy covariance measurements

氧阴离子化学电离质谱同时检测臭氧和二氧化氮：适用于涡流协方差测量的快速时间响应传感器

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-13-1887-2020
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Novak, Gordon A.;Vermeuel, Michael P.;Bertram, Timothy H.
• 通讯作者: Bertram, Timothy H.