Collaborative Research: Linking sediment dispersal, stratal architecture, and tectonic subsidence mechanisms in the Late Cretaceous Cordilleran Foreland Basin

合作研究：将晚白垩世科迪勒拉前陆盆地的沉积物扩散、地层结构和构造沉降机制联系起来

• 批准号: 1824538
• 负责人: Julia Wellner
• 金额: $ 43.76万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1824538&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Linking; sediment; dispersal

This multidisciplinary collaborative project evaluates the role of subsidence of the lithosphere and deposition of sediments in Cordilleran foreland in response to Cretaceous subsidence caused by subduction of an oceanic tectonic plate beneath the western margin of North America. The research has the potential to transform understanding of lithosphere-scale processes by clarifying the effect of flat subduction on the upper crust and basins using a combination of sedimentary and basin analyses, thermochronology and geodynamic modelling to enable discrimination of the relative contributions of crustal loading mechanisms. In addition to the scientific goals of the project, the collaboration is advancing important societal outcomes by contributing to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) educator development, the broadening of participation of underrepresented groups in science, the training of a postdoctoral researcher and graduate and undergraduate students. Public outreach efforts by the University of Alaska and education of middle school students through newly established relationships between the University of Houston and local middle schools and middle-school aged homeschooled students contributes to increased public scientific literacy and public engagement with STEM. The project also supports the development of a new partnership between the participating universities and industry, thereby contributing to the increased economic competitiveness of the United States.Although migrating dynamic subsidence has long been invoked to explain the broadening and migration of the Late Cretaceous depocenter, no research has taken a high resolution, large-scale approach to characterizing the timing or direction of migration or to discriminate flexural from dynamic subsidence. However, flexural loading and subcrustal loading leave distinct foreland-basin deposits that record sediment source area and source area exhumation rate and have a characteristic fill geometry that records the locus and rate of subsidence. Detailed investigation of stratigraphic architecture, sediment volumes, sediment sources, and depositional products allows the research team to explore the potential influence of flat subduction of an oceanic plateau versus continued or enhanced thrust belt exhumation or incipient basement-cored uplifts. The Cordilleran system presents an unparalleled opportunity to establish the effect of flat subduction of an oceanic plateau in the best dated retroarc foreland basin system on the planet; thus, the results of this investigation are applicable to other ocean-continent convergent systems. The research team is evaluating mechanisms for observed changes in basin architecture by integrating sandstone compositional data, detrital thermo- and geochronology, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, high-resolution isopach maps, geohistory analysis, and forward stratigraphic, flexural, and geodynamic modelling. New detrital geochronology and sandstone compositional data are supplementing published geochronology and sedimentology to more accurately identify changes in sediment provenance and routing during this time. Detrital thermochronology is delineating up-section changes in lag time, corresponding to changes in source exhumation rates, or introduction of a new sediment source. Sequence stratigraphy, decompacted isopach maps, and forward stratigraphic modelling allow calculation and comparison of the average sediment supply to discriminate changes in basin architecture due to sediment supply from accommodation-driven changes. Reconstruction of basin subsidence is being accomplished using detailed isopach maps and geohistory analysis, which facilitates discrimination of crustal loads from a subcrustal load. Finally, flexural and geodynamic modelling enables discrimination of the relative contributions of loading mechanisms. This project will combine, for the first time, the strengths of detrital geo- and thermochronological double-dating, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, and multiple modeling efforts at a scale and resolution capable of discriminating the mechanisms for subsidence. As a result of this collaboration, this project has potential to transform the understanding of lithosphere-scale processes by clarifying the effect of flat subduction on the upper crust and basins.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个多学科的合作项目评估了岩石圈和沉积物沉积在山脉前景中的沉积物的作用，以响应北美西部边缘下方的海洋构造板的俯冲而导致的白垩纪沉降。这项研究具有通过使用沉积物和盆地分析，热力学和地球动力学建模的结合来阐明扁平俯冲对上皮和盆地的影响，从而改变对岩石圈尺度过程的理解，从而实现歧视地壳负载机制的相对贡献。除了该项目的科学目标外，该合作还通过为STEM（科学，技术，工程和数学）教育者发展，扩大代表性不足的科学参与，培训博士后研究员，毕业和毕业生和小学生的培训来推动重要的社会成果。阿拉斯加大学的公共宣传工作以及中学生的教育，通过休斯顿大学与地方中学与中学年龄的家庭学校学生之间的新建立关系，有助于提高公共科学素养和与STEM的公众参与。该项目还支持参与大学与行业之间建立新的伙伴关系，从而有助于美国的经济竞争力的提高。尽管长期以来一直在援引动态动态沉降来解释白垩纪晚期中心晚期的拓宽和迁移，但没有一项研究以高分辨率的屈曲范围来屈服或依赖及时的范围。但是，弯曲载荷和亚构载荷留下了不同的前陆 - 巴蛋白沉积物，这些沉积物记录了沉积物源区域和源区域挖掘速率，并具有记录下降点和沉降速率的特征性填充几何形状。对地层结构，沉积物量，沉积物来源和沉积产品的详细研究使研究小组可以探索海洋高原扁平俯冲的潜在影响，以及继续或增强的推力带式灌输或初步的地下室甲循环。 Cordilleran系统提供了一个无与伦比的机会，可以在地球上最佳日期的陆地盆地系统中建立海洋高原扁平俯冲的效果；因此，这项研究的结果适用于其他海洋收敛系统。研究团队正在通过整合砂岩组成数据，碎屑热和地质学，高分辨率序列地层，高分辨率ISOPACH图，地球疗法分析以及正向地层，弯曲，弯曲，屈曲和地球动力模型来评估观察到盆地结构变化的机制。新的碎屑年代学和砂岩组成数据正在补充已发表的年代学和沉积学，以更准确地确定在此期间的沉积物出处和路线的变化。碎屑热量学正在描述滞后时间的上截面变化，对应于源挖掘速率的变化或引入新的沉积物来源。序列地层学，分解的ISOPACH图和正向地层建模允许计算平均沉积物供应的计算和比较，以区分盆地体系结构的变化，这是由于住宿驱动的变化而导致的沉积物供应。盆地沉降的重建正在使用详细的Isopach图和地理史分析来实现，这有助于从下壳负荷歧视地壳负载。最后，弯曲和地球动力学建模可以歧视负载机制的相对贡献。该项目将首次结合碎屑地球和热量学双重约会，高分辨率序列地层的优势，以及以量表和分辨率的多个建模工作，能够区分沉降机制。通过这项合作，该项目有可能通过澄清套管对上层外壳和盆地的影响来改变对岩石圈规模的过程的理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Effects of contemporaneous orogenesis on sedimentation in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Basin, northern Utah and southwestern Wyoming

• DOI: 10.1111/bre.12623
• 发表时间: 2019-12
• 期刊: Basin Research
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: E. M. Davis;K. Rudolph;J. Saylor;T. Lapen;J. Wellner

Laramide Deformation and Flexural Effects in the Upper Cretaceous: A Basin in Transition

• DOI: 10.1306/30578rudolph2018
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 2018 AAPG Annual Convention & Exhibition
• 作者: Kurt W. Rudolph;Joel P. Saylor

Laramide Orogenesis Driven by Late Cretaceous Weakening of the North American Lithosphere

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jb019570
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
• 作者: J. Saylor;K. Rudolph;K. Sundell;J. Wijk

Tectonic Forcing, Subsidence, and Sedimentary Cyclicity in the Upper Cretaceous, Western Interior U.S.A.

美国西部内陆上白垩统的构造强迫、沉降和沉积旋回

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition
• 作者: Rudolph, Kurt