Collaborative Research: The Relationship of the Spatial/Temporal Variability of Rain to Scaling

合作研究：降雨的时空变化与尺度的关系

基本信息

批准号：
1823072
负责人：
Arthur Jameson
金额：
$ 21.17万
依托单位：
RJH Scientific Incorporated
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-10-01 至 2020-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823072&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Relationship Spatial Temporal

项目摘要

Scientists have been studying the non-homogeneity of rainfall for decades. Simply put, raindrops collide, break apart, cluster, and spread out on their way to the ground. This introduces a variety of fall speeds, drop sizes, and instantaneous rainfall intensities that have significant impacts on a wide range of topics from flood forecasting to erosion to communications system availability. This research project will take advantage of a newly developed network of rain sensors to conduct a multitude of studies on rainfall characteristics. The main societal impacts fall under the umbrella of public safety and productivity. Rainfall characteristics are important for weather radars and weather forecast models for flood prediction, and for the prediction of communications drop-outs along land links and satellites. Undergraduate students will participate in the research, allowing for development of the next generation of scientists.The research team will continue their studies into the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall with an enhanced focus on scaling. The team will perform structural and statistical exploration of rain by collecting and analyzing time series rain observations over a newly configured network that consists of two 2D video disdrometers (2DVD), six 1D optical disdrometers (1DVD), and 21 Laser Precipitation Monitors (LPM). The objectives to be addressed during the work period include: exploring the frequency of the statistical heterogeneity of rain in a wider variety of meteorological conditions, comparing 2DVD observations to those interpolated over a small network of LPMs, characterizing the 1DVD estimates with those of different neighboring instruments, using 2DVD data to detect structures having scales relevant to radar Bragg scatter from precipitation, expanding our understanding of the scaling of DSD and their integrated parameters in statistically homogeneous conditions and in a variety of different meteorological conditions, beginning preliminary observations of the effect of measurements at different heights above ground, and combining 2DVD observations from two instruments for unique simultaneity studies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

几十年来，科学家们一直在研究降雨的不均匀性。简而言之，雨滴在降落到地面的过程中会发生碰撞、分裂、聚集和扩散。这引入了各种下降速度、水滴大小和瞬时降雨强度，这些对从洪水预报到侵蚀再到通信系统可用性等广泛主题产生重大影响。该研究项目将利用新开发的降雨传感器网络对降雨特征进行大量研究。主要社会影响属于公共安全和生产力范畴。降雨特征对于气象雷达和洪水预测的天气预报模型以及陆地链路和卫星通信中断的预测非常重要。本科生将参与这项研究，从而培养下一代科学家。研究小组将继续研究降雨的时空变化，并重点关注尺度变化。该团队将通过新配置的网络收集和分析时间序列降雨观测，对降雨进行结构和统计探索，该网络由两个 2D 视频测距仪 (2DVD)、六个 1D 光学测距仪 (1DVD) 和 21 个激光降水监测仪 (LPM) 组成。工作期间要解决的目标包括：探索更广泛的气象条件下降雨统计异质性的频率，将 2DVD 观测结果与通过小型 LPM 网络插值的观测结果进行比较，将 1DVD 估计值与不同邻近地区的估计值进行比较。仪器，使用 2DVD 数据来检测具有与降水雷达布拉格散射相关的尺度的结构，扩大我们对 DSD 尺度及其在统计均匀条件和各种不同气象条件下的综合参数的理解，开始初步观测该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。