Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Long Term Effect of Immigration on Political Organization

博士论文改进奖：移民对政治组织的长期影响

• 批准号: 1822002
• 负责人: Takeshi Inomata
• 金额: $ 3.07万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-15 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1822002&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Long

Under the direction of Takeshi Inomata, Juan Manuel Palomo of the University of Arizona will undertake research to understand the impact of political centralization and social inequalities on diet and migration patterns. Archaeological investigation allows scholars to generate relevant insights about processes of social inequality and political centralization over extended periods of time in human history, which include the emergence of sedentary communities, the development of larger polities, and their disintegrations. Previous scholarship has found that migration can be important during the process of political centralization, where on some occasions non-local individuals are drawn to big centers as the power and influence of those cities increased. Scholars are interested in examining the role that these migrations had during the development of social inequalities and political growth. Diet can play an important role for studying political centralization and social inequality because it not only provides us information about health, but also social class, ethnic groups, and lifestyle affiliations. By studying ancient populations, places of origin and cultural landscapes, the researchers can begin identifying and differentiating ethnic groups, social class, lifestyles, dietary practices, and other social complexities of human culture. The results of the proposed research will contribute to the study of migration, diet, social inequalities, political centralization, as well as to that of the emergence and decline of centralized polities not only in Mesoamerica but also in other parts of the world. Mr. Palomo will examine social inequality and political centralization processes at critical moments of the human history, which include the emergence of sedentary communities, the development of larger polities, and their disintegrations. To address these issues, the scholars are examining two more specific questions: 1) How were social inequality and political centralization reflected in dietary practices? 2) How were changes in social inequality and political centralization associated with those in-migrations and external relations? To examine these questions, the research team will conduct a multi-isotopic analysis on the skeletal remains of 86 sampled individuals from the Mayan archaeological site of Ceibal that date from the Middle Preclassic to the Terminal Classic periods. During the analysis, the researchers will create and promote education and training opportunities for students. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic data will allow the scholars to examine whether changes in social inequality and political centralization were accompanied by those in the diet. Oxygen, strontium, and lead isotopic analysis will be used to examine whether Ceibal attracted more migrants and whether there were more hostile external relations during the periods of growing political centralization or during the establishment of political regimes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在 Takeshi Inomata 的指导下，亚利桑那大学的 Juan Manuel Palomo 将开展研究，以了解政治集权和社会不平等对饮食和移民模式的影响。考古调查使学者们能够对人类历史上较长时期内的社会不平等和政治集权过程产生相关见解，其中包括定居社区的出现、更大政体的发展及其解体。先前的学术研究发现，在政治集权的过程中，移民可能很重要，在某些情况下，随着这些城市的权力和影响力的增强，非本地个人会被吸引到大城市。学者们有兴趣研究这些移民在社会不平等和政治增长的发展过程中所发挥的作用。饮食可以在研究政治集权和社会不平等方面发挥重要作用，因为它不仅为我们提供有关健康的信息，还为我们提供社会阶层、种族群体和生活方式的信息。通过研究古代人口、起源地和文化景观，研究人员可以开始识别和区分种族群体、社会阶层、生活方式、饮食习惯和人类文化的其他社会复杂性。拟议研究的结果将有助于研究移民、饮食、社会不平等、政治集权，以及中美洲和世界其他地区集权政体的出现和衰落。帕洛莫先生将研究人类历史关键时刻的社会不平等和政治集权进程，其中包括定居社区的出现、更大政体的发展及其解体。为了解决这些问题，学者们正在研究两个更具体的问题：1）社会不平等和政治集权如何反映在饮食习惯中？ 2）社会不平等和政治集权的变化与移民和对外关系有何关系？为了研究这些问题，研究小组将对来自塞巴尔玛雅考古遗址的 86 名个体的骨骼遗骸进行多同位素分析，这些个体的年代可以追溯到中前古典时期到古典末期。在分析过程中，研究人员将为学生创造和促进教育和培训机会。碳和氮同位素数据将使学者们能够研究社会不平等和政治集权的变化是否伴随着饮食方面的变化。氧、锶和铅同位素分析将用于检验塞巴尔是否吸引了更多移民，以及在政治集权日益增强或政治政权建立期间是否存在更多敌对外部关系。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并已被通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。