Doctoral Dissertation Research: Race, Entrepreneurship, and Urban Revitalization

博士论文研究：种族、创业与城市复兴

• 批准号: 1802821
• 负责人: Sabrina Pendergrass
• 金额: $ 1.18万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802821&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Race; Entrepreneurship

The past two decades have seen a period of urban transformation guided by a reliance on gentrification to improve cities, which has both costs and benefits. However, few studies examine the ways that local small businesses fare in the context of gentrification. This project investigates how gentrification-based redevelopment impacts urban black-owned businesses compared to urban white-owned businesses. Considering that neighborhood conditions, especially in cities, are shaped by the commercial enterprises that serve the community, understanding the varied experiences of black business-ownership and white business-ownership during redevelopment will inform public discourse regarding wealth attainment, employment, and neighborhood conditions. Furthermore, this project will have practical implications for public policies aiming to encourage more inclusive redevelopment programs and to develop infrastructure that will more effectively support commercial and residential retention. This project employs a mixed-method design to address three research questions. First, the U.S. Census: Survey of Business Owners (SBO) is used to answer questions regarding the spatial and temporal trends in black and white business development in Detroit, Michigan between 1997 and 2012. These data will be used to illustrate and compare businesses in size, number of paid employees, and receipts. Second, archival material from two prominent Detroit newspapers published between 1997 and 2018 are used to examine how the incorporation of black-owned businesses in media accounts of redevelopment compare to the incorporation of white-owned businesses. Finally, through in-depth, qualitative interviews and ethnographic observation, this project investigates how black and white business-owners differ in the ways they perceive and negotiate access to and ownership over local business resources, such as capital investment, consumers, and networks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

过去二十年是一段依靠高档化来改善城市的城市转型期，这既有成本也有收益。 然而，很少有研究探讨当地小企业在高档化背景下的表现。 该项目调查了与城市白人拥有的企业相比，基于中产阶级化的重建对城市黑人拥有的企业有何影响。考虑到邻里条件，尤其是城市中的邻里条件，是由服务社区的商业企业决定的，了解重建过程中黑人企业所有权和白人企业所有权的不同经历将为公众关于财富获得、就业和邻里条件的讨论提供信息。此外，该项目将对公共政策产生实际影响，旨在鼓励更具包容性的重建计划和开发更有效地支持商业和住宅保留的基础设施。该项目采用混合方法设计来解决三个研究问题。首先，美国人口普查：企业主调查 (SBO) 用于回答有关 1997 年至 2012 年间密歇根州底特律市黑人和白人商业发展的空间和时间趋势的问题。这些数据将用于说明和比较规模、受薪员工人数和收据。其次，我们使用 1997 年至 2018 年间出版的底特律两家著名报纸的档案材料来研究重建媒体报道中黑人企业的纳入与白人企业的纳入相比如何。最后，通过深入的定性访谈和人种学观察，该项目调查了黑人和白人企业主在如何看待和谈判获取和拥有当地商业资源（例如资本投资、消费者和网络）的方式上有何不同。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。