Doctoral Dissertation Research: Criminal Records and Housing Discrimination: An Audit Study

博士论文研究：犯罪记录和住房歧视：审计研究

• 批准号: 1802638
• 负责人: Ryan King
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-15 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802638&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Criminal; Records

The proportion of the U.S. population with a criminal record has dramatically increased during the past four decades, and research has documented the ways in which a criminal record creates and reinforces inequalities in employment, health, and other outcomes. However, less is known about how a criminal record affects access to housing. This project will identify the prevalence and scope of criminal record use to disqualify applicants at an early stage of the housing application process. It will also detect whether there are racial disparities in the consideration of criminal histories by landlords. It examines if neighborhood disadvantage conditions the stigmatizing effect of a criminal record. Finally, it advances understanding of how landlords weigh criminal background checks and how they implement recent changes in the laws that require use of criminal histories in these transactions. Project findings will provide greater understanding of how U.S. housing policy is working, particularly for those with criminal backgrounds.This project consists of a field experiment and qualitative interviews. An email-based audit study of rental housing units will involve contacting landlords and inquiring to see the rental properties. These emails will signal race and the criminal history status of the potential applicants. The audit study will be paired with interviews with landlords about how they use criminal histories in the application process, and their understanding of recent policy changes regarding criminal record use in such evaluations. This research will contribute to a growing body of findings on the durable effects of criminal justice contact, as well as socio-legal research on how property managers adapt to and comply with policy changes. It also contributes to sociological theories focused on discrimination, racial inequality and urban residence.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的四十年中，具有犯罪记录的美国人口的比例大大增加，研究记录了犯罪记录造成和加强就业，健康和其他成果的不平等的方式。 但是，关于犯罪记录如何影响住房的机会，知之甚少。该项目将确定在住房申请过程的早期阶段，犯罪记录使用的流行和范围。它还将检测到房东考虑犯罪历史的种族差异。它检查了邻里是否处于犯罪记录的污名作用。最后，它提高了对房东如何权衡犯罪背景调查的理解，以及他们如何实施在这些交易中使用犯罪历史的法律的最新变化。 项目发现将对美国住房政策的运作方式有更深入的了解，尤其是对于那些有犯罪背景的人。该项目由现场实验和定性访谈组成。基于电子邮件的租赁住房单位审计研究将涉及与房东联系并查看租赁物业。这些电子邮件将表示种族和潜在申请人的犯罪历史状况。审计研究将与房东有关如何在申请过程中使用犯罪历史以及对此类评估中犯罪记录使用的最新政策变化的理解进行访谈。 这项研究将有助于越来越多的发现，就刑事司法接触的持久影响以及关于房地产经理如何适应并遵守政策变化的社会法律研究。这也有助于关注歧视，种族不平等和城市居住的社会学理论。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来通过评估来支持的。