Doctoral Dissertation Research: Precarious Employment and Health Outcomes

博士论文研究：不稳定的就业和健康结果

• 批准号: 1802628
• 负责人: Debra Umberson
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802628&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Precarious; Employment

Adults in midlife are dying at a higher rate than in the past due to drug overdose, suicide, and liver disease, or deaths of despair. Common explanations blame economic conditions, suggesting that Americans are facing increasing stress due to bleak economic prospects, leading to destructive health behaviors and poor mental and physical health. This project will examine how characteristics of precarious employment contribute to multiple dimensions of health, including alcohol consumption, prescription drug use, and depressive symptoms in midlife adults. The project will study whether these associations vary by gender and household socioeconomic status, and whether they vary by state-level social policies. For example, the project hypothesizes that state-level social policies related to financial assistance (e.g., state Earned Income Tax Credit) and health (e.g., expansion of Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act) shape how precarious employment affects health outcomes. The project will provide input to social polices suggesting actions for states to take to improve the health of citizens, as well as intervention points for organizations and agencies addressing problematic health patterns in the population.This project studies both the short- and long-term health consequences of precarious employment among midlife workers. The project will analyze the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), an ongoing, nationally representative sample of adults over age 50 in the United States. The HRS has been administered every two years since 1992 (12 waves) and oversamples African-American and Hispanic households. The analytical sample will include respondents who are currently employed at each wave (approximately age 50 to 65) across four birth cohorts. The project will pay particular attention to the youngest cohort (age 50-55 in 2010), given recent attention to the morbidity and mortality of these midlife adults. Longitudinal models using fixed effects regression and growth mixture modeling will allow assessments of the relationship between precarious work and mental and physical health outcomes by state-level and household-level characteristics. The project will inform theories involving social stress, precarious work, and population health, and will provide policy guidance at the organizational, state, and national levels regarding ways to promote better health for this population.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于药物过量，自杀和肝病或绝望死亡，中年的成年人的死亡率比过去更高。普遍的解释指出经济状况，表明美国人由于经济前景而面临的压力增加，导致破坏性的健康行为以及精神和身体健康不良。该项目将研究不稳定的就业的特征如何促进健康的多个维度，包括饮酒，处方药的使用和中年成年人的抑郁症状。该项目将研究这些协会是否因性别和家庭社会经济地位而有所不同，以及它们是否因国家级别的社会政策而有所不同。 例如，该项目假设与财政援助有关（例如，州赚取的所得税信用额）和健康（例如，根据《平价医疗法案》的扩大医疗补助）与健康相关的社会政策塑造了不稳定的就业对健康结果的影响。该项目将向社会政策提供建议，建议各州采取行动以改善公民的健康，以及针对人口中有问题健康模式的组织和机构的干预点。这项项目研究中，中年生活者的短期和长期健康后果构成了不稳定的健康后果。该项目将分析健康和退休研究（HRS），这是美国50岁以上成年人的全国代表性样本。自1992年以来，HRS每两年一次管理一次（12浪），占领了非裔美国人和西班牙裔家庭。分析样本将包括四个出生队列中目前在每个浪潮（大约50至65岁）中使用的受访者。该项目将特别关注最年轻的队列（2010年50-55岁），最近关注这些中年成年人的发病率和死亡率。使用固定效应回归和生长混合物建模的纵向模型将通过州级和家庭水平的特征评估不稳定的工作与心理和身体健康结果之间的关系。 该项目将为涉及社会压力，不稳定工作和人口健康的理论提供信息，并将在组织，州和国家层面提供有关促进该人群改善健康的方法的政策指导。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来支持的。