CAREER: Quark and Gluon Structure of Nucleons and Nuclei

职业：核子和原子核的夸克和胶子结构

基本信息

批准号：
1749126
负责人：
Phiala Shanahan
金额：
$ 42.5万
依托单位：
College of William and Mary
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-06-15 至 2018-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1749126&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Quark Gluon Structure Nucleons

项目摘要

This project seeks to reveal new aspects of the structure of the atomic nuclei that make up more than 99% of the matter on Earth. The classic picture of a nucleus is a collection of protons and neutrons. The Standard Model of particle physics describes the structure of these protons and neutrons in terms of more fundamental constituents, matter particles (quarks) and force-carrier particles (gluons) that bind the quarks together. Revealing the quark and gluon structure of protons, neutrons and nuclei is a fundamental challenge bridging nuclear and particle physics with data science and high-performance computing. In particular, new studies of gluon structure require techniques that will be developed and implemented in supercomputer calculations of the Standard Model theory on the largest computers in the world. Building a new particle collider to measure gluon structure is the highest priority in the long-range plan of the nuclear physics community. This project will provide theory benchmarks for new experimental programs and facilitate new tests of our understanding of the structure of matter and of the emergence of the complexities of nuclear structure in nature. This project will focus on new aspects of the fundamental structure of nature through Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) calculations of the gluon composition of the nucleon and of the modification of nucleon structure in nuclei. The results will provide essential information for current and future nuclear and particle physics experimental programs, such as the planned electron-ion collider (EIC) designed to measure the gluon structure of nucleons and nuclei with unprecedented precision over the next decade. In particular, the three-dimensional gluon structure of the nucleon will be cleanly measured for the first time at the planned EIC. A main goal of this project is the first calculation of the gluon generalised form factors describing this structure. Another goal is the first determination of exotic glue in nuclei through the gluon transversity structure function. Finally, first calculations of QCD constraints on several muti-body nuclear effects will be undertaken. These are increasingly important theory inputs to the interpretation of the results of next-generation intensity frontier experiments. For example, these calculations will constrain the modification of the strange quark nucleon sigma term in nuclei, which provides an important correction to theory cross-sections for the direct detection of particle dark matter candidates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在揭示构成地球上 99% 以上物质的原子核结构的新方面。原子核的经典图像是质子和中子的集合。粒子物理学的标准模型用更基本的成分、物质粒子（夸克）和将夸克结合在一起的力载体粒子（胶子）来描述这些质子和中子的结构。揭示质子、中子和原子核的夸克和胶子结构是将核物理和粒子物理与数据科学和高性能计算联系起来的一项基本挑战。特别是，胶子结构的新研究需要在世界上最大的计算机上的标准模型理论的超级计算机计算中开发和实施的技术。建造新型粒子对撞机来测量胶子结构是核物理界长期计划中的重中之重。该项目将为新的实验计划提供理论基准，并促进我们对物质结构和自然界核结构复杂性的理解的新测试。该项目将通过核子胶子组成和原子核中核子结构的修改的晶格量子色动力学（QCD）计算来关注自然基本结构的新方面。研究结果将为当前和未来的核物理和粒子物理实验项目提供重要信息，例如计划中的电子离子对撞机（EIC），旨在在未来十年以前所未有的精度测量核子和原子核的胶子结构。特别是，核子的三维胶子结构将在计划的 EIC 中首次得到清晰的测量。该项目的主要目标是首次计算描述该结构的胶子广义形状因子。另一个目标是通过胶子横向结构函数首次测定原子核中的奇异胶。最后，将首先计算几个多体核效应的 QCD 约束。这些对于解释下一代强度前沿实验结果来说是越来越重要的理论输入。例如，这些计算将约束对原子核中奇夸克核子西格玛项的修改，这为直接探测候选粒子暗物质提供了对理论截面的重要修正。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为是值得的通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来获得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Equivariant Flow-Based Sampling for Lattice Gauge Theory

格子规范理论的基于等变流的采样

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.125.121601
发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
Physical Review Letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Kanwar, Gurtej;Albergo, Michael S.;Boyda, Denis;Cranmer, Kyle;Hackett, Daniel C.;Racanière, Sébastien;Rezende, Danilo Jimenez;Shanahan, Phiala E.
通讯作者：
Shanahan, Phiala E.

Collins-Soper kernel for TMD evolution from lattice QCD

用于从晶格 QCD 演化而来的 TMD 的 Collins-Soper 核