The revelation effect: A test of theories and the impact on witness and juror judgments

启示效应：理论检验及其对证人和陪审员判断的影响

• 批准号: 232646231
• 负责人: Dr. André Aßfalg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Psychological Science
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/232646231?language=en
• 关键词: revelation; effect; test; theories; impact

Consider the following actions: Solving a puzzle, memorizing a phone number, or solving a simple math equation. Each of these actions will likely distort any succeeding judgments of the acting person. For example, a person may appear more familiar, the statement “the leopard is the fastest land animal” is more likely to appear true, or one may be more likely to claim to have broken a window playing ball as a child. This type of judgment distortion is called revelation effect. My research project has two goals. The first goal is to identify the mechanisms underlying the revelation effect. For this purpose I conduct tests of extant and new theories that attempt to explain the revelation effect. The second goal is to investigate whether the revelation effect involves judgment distortions in critical real-world events. This includes, for example, an eyewitness´ identification of the perpetrator in a lineup. Without knowing it, eyewitnesses might falsely accuse an innocent because of the revelation effect. Therefore, the second part of my research project investigates whether the revelation effect distorts judgments of eyewitnesses or jurors.

考虑以下操作：解决难题，记住电话号码或解决简单的数学方程式。这些行动中的每一个都可能会扭曲代理人的任何成功判断。例如，一个人可能看起来更熟悉，“豹子是最快的陆地动物”的说法更有可能是真实的，或者可能更有可能声称自己小时候会打破窗户打球。这种判断失真称为启示效应。我的研究项目有两个目标。第一个目标是确定进化效果的基础机制。为此，我对试图解释进化效果的扩展和新理论进行了测试。第二个目标是研究进化效应是否涉及关键现实事件中的扭曲法官。这包括例如，目击者在阵容中对肇事者的识别。在不知道的情况下，目击者可能会因为启示效果而错误地指责无辜。因此，我的研究项目的第二部分调查了启示的影响是否扭曲了目击者或陪审员的法官。

项目成果

Task difficulty moderates the revelation effect

任务难度调节启示效应

• DOI: 10.3758/s13421-016-0685-9
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Memory & Cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Aßfalg;Currie;Bernstein
• 通讯作者: Bernstein

A word of warning: Instructions and feedback cannot prevent the revelation effect

警告：指示和反馈并不能阻止启示效应

• DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.03.016
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Consciousness and Cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Aßfalg;Nadarevic. L.
• 通讯作者: Nadarevic. L.