Collaborative Research: Tracking the Exsolution and Migration of Volatiles in Shallow Magma Reservoirs

合作研究：追踪浅层岩浆库挥发物的溶出和迁移

• 批准号: 1759583
• 负责人: Denton Ebel
• 金额: $ 17.89万
• 依托单位: American Museum Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1759583&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Tracking; Exsolution; Migration

The exsolution and migration of magmatic volatiles have a profound influence over the chemical and physical evolution of magmas. More specifically, the presence of a discrete volatile phase (gas bubbles) affects the transport of a wide variety of metals in and out of magma bodies leading to ore deposit formation and controls the likelihood of an eruption as well as eruption dynamics. Unfortunately, erupted volcanic deposits or exhumed magma bodies have lost most traces of their volatile cargo; so, information about the timing of exsolution and the efficiency of volatile migration in active magma reservoir remain therefore elusive. The proposed study addresses this gap in knowledge with a combination of field work, mechanical models and laboratory experiments focusing on the behavior of volatiles in shallow magma reservoirs. The main challenges that prevent a better understanding of the dynamics of shallow magmatic volatiles in magma reservoirs are (1) the lack of understanding of the dependence of the solubility of complex magmatic fluids (magmatic volatiles) on pressure, temperature and magma composition -thus requiring new experiments- and (2) the lack of understanding of the physics of deforming three-phase magmas (vapors composed of exsolved volatiles, viscous silicate melts and crystals). The work proposed here will not only address the gap in knowledge of magmatic systems described above, it will also push the boundaries of our understanding of the thermodynamics of complex magmatic fluids (with direct application to the chemistry of metallic ore-forming fluids), and multiphase fluid mechanics. This project will generate a massive, systematic volatile solubility data set for 3 melt compositions; these data are required for future expansion of extant thermodynamic models on volatile and fluid behavior in felsic magmas. This project also features a new collaboration which will provide a postdoc and a graduate student with an opportunity to work with and learn from an interdisciplinary research team at different institutions. The PIs have a record of incorporating diverse and under-represented groups within their research and education programs. For example, women and members of other under-represented groups will participate in Earth science teacher-student training events at the AMNH and in an organized field excursion to the Sterling Hill Zinc Mine and Museum, NJ. The PIs from Brown University will participate in the Leadership Alliance SR-EIP summer program, which brings 1st generation and under-represented minorities undergrads to STEM research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

岩浆挥发物的实质性和迁移对岩浆的化学和物理进化具有深远的影响。更具体地说，存在离散挥发相（气泡）的存在会影响各种金属在岩浆体中的运输，从而导致矿石沉积形成，并控制喷发和喷发动力学的可能性。不幸的是，爆发的火山矿床或挖掘出的岩浆尸体失去了大部分挥发性货物的痕迹。因此，有关活跃岩浆储层中的爆发时间和挥发性迁移效率的信息仍然难以捉摸。拟议的研究通过野外工作，机械模型和实验室实验的结合来解决这一差距，重点是浅层岩浆储层中挥发物的行为。防止更好地理解岩浆储层中浅层岩浆挥发物动态的主要挑战是（1）缺乏对复杂岩浆液体（岩浆挥发物）溶解度的依赖性的理解新实验 - 和（2）缺乏对变形三相岩浆物理学的理解（由溶解的挥发物，粘性硅酸盐熔体和晶体组成）。这里提出的工作不仅可以解决上述岩浆系统知识的差距，还将突破我们对复杂岩浆液体热力学的理解的界限（直接应用金属矿石形成液）和多相流体力学。该项目将为3个熔体组合物生成大量的，系统的挥发性溶解度数据集；这些数据是在长英质岩浆中的挥发性和流体行为上未来扩展现有的热力学模型所必需的。该项目还具有新的合作，该合作将为博士后和研究生提供与不同机构的跨学科研究团队合作和学习的机会。 PI有记录在其研究和教育计划中纳入多样化和代表性不足的群体的记录。例如，妇女和其他代表性不足的团体的成员将参加AMNH的地球科学教师培训活动，并在新泽西州斯特林山锌矿和博物馆进行了有组织的野外游览。布朗大学的PI将参加领导力联盟SR-EIP夏季计划，该计划将第一代和代表性不足的少数群体本科生进行STEM研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子的评估值得支持的。优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。