CAREER: Ecological Speciation and Heterogeneous Genomic Differentiation in Hybridizing Haplodiploids

职业：杂交单倍体中的生态物种形成和异质基因组分化

• 批准号: 1750946
• 负责人: Catherine Linnen
• 金额: $ 95万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-15 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1750946&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Ecological; Speciation; Heterogeneous; Genomic

There are an estimated nine million species on earth, with diverse habits and appearances. To explain this diversity, scientists examine how new species form and describe how differences accumulate between them. Most scientists agree that adaptation to different habitats frequently initiates the formation of new species. The genetic causes and consequences of species formation, however, remain a mystery. This project takes advantage of two pine tree-feeding insect pests that are "caught in the act" of species formation. Although there are many differences between them, the redheaded-pine sawfly and the white-pine sawfly interbreed at low levels in nature. This suggests that species formation is not quite complete. Adaptation to different pines appears to be a key factor that reduces gene exchange between these species. Laboratory crosses and field experiments will be used to identify the genetic regions responsible for different pine adaptations. The results should reveal how these differences affect rates of gene exchange between these species in the wild. This work will provide essential knowledge for preserving biodiversity and combatting pests. Additionally, this project will develop integrated research/teaching projects that provide scientific experiences for the public and diverse undergraduates. Understanding the genetic basis of ecological speciation requires identifying links among genotypes, reproductive isolation, and genome-wide genetic differentiation. This project takes advantage of this pair of hybridizing sawfly species that differ in host-use traits and reproductive barriers. First, a QTL mapping approach will link genetic variation to variation in host-preference and host-performance traits. Second, a field trapping experiment will link host-preference phenotypes to adult habitat isolation. Third, a field experiment manipulates both the host plants and host-use traits to link host-performance traits to fitness and reproductive isolation. Fourth, full-genome re-sequencing of overlapping and isolated pairs of populations of these species will reveal the demographic history of divergence and patterns of genetic differentiation. The complementary educational efforts will train citizen scientists to trap and identify sawflies and non-STEM students to screen samples and interpret a diagnostic PCR assay. Together, these data will be used to evaluate spatial and temporal variation in hybridization. Additionally, STEM students will participate in field and lab experiments that connect genotype, phenotype, fitness, reproductive isolation, and differentiation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球上估计有900万种，具有不同的习惯和外观。为了解释这种多样性，科学家研究了如何形成新物种并描述它们之间的差异如何积累。大多数科学家都同意，适应不同栖息地经常引发新物种的形成。然而，物种形成的遗传原因和后果仍然是一个谜。该项目利用了两种“捕获在物种形成的行为”中的松树喂养的害虫。尽管它们之间存在许多差异，但红发的松锯蝇和白松锯蝇在自然界中以低水平杂交。这表明物种形成并不完整。对不同松树的适应似乎是减少这些物种之间基因交换的关键因素。实验室十字架和现场实验将用于确定负责不同松树适应的遗传区域。结果应揭示这些差异如何影响野外这些物种之间的基因交换速率。这项工作将为维护生物多样性和打击害虫提供基本知识。此外，该项目将开发综合的研究/教学项目，为公众和多样化的本科生提供科学经验。 了解生态形成的遗传基础需要鉴定基因型之间的联系，生殖分离和全基因组遗传分化。该项目利用了这双杂交锯蝇物种在宿主使用特征和生殖屏障上有所不同。首先，QTL映射方法将遗传变异与宿主偏见和宿主表现性状的变化联系起来。其次，一个现场捕获实验将将宿主偏爱表型与成人栖息地隔离联系起来。第三，一个现场实验操纵宿主植物和宿主使用特征，以将宿主表现性状与健身和生殖分离联系起来。这些物种的重叠和孤立的人群的第四个全基因组重新续订将揭示差异和遗传分化模式的人口统计学历史。互补的教育工作将训练公民科学家捕获和识别锯片和非茎学生，以筛选样品并解释诊断性PCR分析。总之，这些数据将用于评估杂交中的空间和时间变化。此外，STEM学生将参加现场和实验室实验，这些实验和实验室实验将基因型，表型，健身，生殖隔离和差异化连接。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力优点和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

First record of the pine sawfly Neodiprion warreni (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) in the state of Tennessee and on Pinus virginiana

松叶蜂 Neodiprion warreni（膜翅目，双叶蜂科）在田纳西州和弗吉尼亚松上的首次记录

• DOI: 10.3897/jhr.96.112395
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Hymenoptera Research
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Ridenbaugh, Ryan D.;Glover, Ashleigh N.;Linnen, Catherine R.
• 通讯作者: Linnen, Catherine R.

Theme: Recent work in speciation research by women authors

主题：女性作者最近在形态研究方面的工作

• DOI: 10.1111/evo.14444
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Linnen, Catherine R.;Brandvain, Yaniv;Unckless, Robert L.
• 通讯作者: Unckless, Robert L.

Body size as a magic trait in two plant-feeding insect species

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.11.511791
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: bioRxiv
• 作者: Ashleigh N. Glover;E. Bendall;J. W. Terbot;Nicole Payne;Avery Webb;Ashley Filbeck;Gavin Norman;C. Linnen

Whole-genome resequencing data support a single introduction of the invasive white pine sawfly, Diprion similis

• DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad012
• 发表时间: 2023-04-22
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Davis，Jeremy S.;Sim，Sheina;Linnen，Catherine R.
• 通讯作者: Linnen，Catherine R.

Faster‐haplodiploid evolution under divergence‐with‐gene‐flow: Simulations and empirical data from pine‐feeding hymenopterans

基因流分化下更快的单倍二倍体进化：松树饲养膜翅目动物的模拟和经验数据

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.16410
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Molecular Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Bendall, Emily E.;Bagley, Robin K.;Sousa, Vitor C.;Linnen, Catherine R.
• 通讯作者: Linnen, Catherine R.